Molecular Mechanisms of Innate Immune Inhibition by Non-Segmented Negative-Sense RNA Viruses [electronic resource]

• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 572.8 Biochemical genetics
• Thông tin xuất bản: Bethesda, Md. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2016
• Mô tả vật lý: Size: p. 3467-3482 : , digital, PDF file.
• Bộ sưu tập: Metadata
• ID: 260765
• Chủ đề: 1. 59 basic biological sciences; 2. 60 applied life sciences; 3. Innate immune evasion; 4. Interferon antagonist; 5. Mononegavirales; 6. Viral antagonism

Tóm tắt

The host innate immune system serves as the first line of defense against viral infections. Germline-encoded pattern recognition receptors detect molecular patterns associated with pathogens and activate innate immune responses. Of particular relevance to viral infections are those pattern recognition receptors that activate type I interferon responses, which establish an antiviral state. The order Mononegavirales is composed of viruses that possess single-stranded, non-segmented negative-sense (NNS) RNA genomes and are important human pathogens that consistently antagonize signaling related to type I interferon responses. NNS viruses have limited encoding capacity compared to many DNA viruses, and as a likely consequence, most open reading frames encode multifunctional viral proteins that interact with host factors in order to evade host cell defenses while promoting viral replication. In this review, we will discuss the molecular mechanisms of innate immune evasion by select NNS viruses. Furthermore, a greater understanding of these interactions will be critical in facilitating the development of effective therapeutics and viral countermeasures.