Calcium Phosphate Catalysts for Ethanol Coupling to Butanol and Butadiene [electronic resource]

• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 666.3 Pottery
• Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Science ; Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2020
• Mô tả vật lý: Size: p. 648-657 : , digital, PDF file.
• Bộ sưu tập: Metadata
• ID: 262625
• Chủ đề: 1. 09 biomass fuels; 2. 36 materials science; 3. 37 inorganic, organic, physical, and analytical chemistry; 4. Guerbet reaction; 5. Lebedev reaction

Tóm tắt

 The catalytic conversion of ethanol to butanol and butadiene at 633 K and atmospheric pressure (7 vol% ethanol) was studied over calcium phosphate materials pretreated over a wide temperature range. For calcium phosphate pretreated at or below 923 K, the resulting solid had an apatite structure identified by X-ray diffraction and strong acid sites probed by triethylamine (TEA) adsorption microcalorimetry. The low temperature pretreated materials were not effective at ethanol coupling reactions but instead were highly selective to acid-catalyzed products ethene and diethyl ether. Pretreatment of calcium phosphate at 973 K transformed the apatite structure to ?-tricalcium phosphate, which exposed both acid and base sites evaluated by TEA and CO<
 sub>
 2<
 /sub>
  adsorption microcalorimetry. In conclusion, high temperature pretreated calcium phosphate catalysts formed the coupling products butanol and butadiene during ethanol reaction. The butadiene selectivity was improved by supporting calcium phosphate on zirconia.