Analysis on storage off-gas emissions from woody, herbaceous, and torrefied biomass [electronic resource]

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Tác giả:

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 363.7 Environmental problems

Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy ; Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2015

Mô tả vật lý: Size: p. 1745-1759 : , digital, PDF file.

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 263722

 Wood chips, torrefied wood chips, ground switchgrass, and wood pellets were tested for off-gas emissions during storage. Storage canisters with gas-collection ports were used to conduct experiments at room temperature of 20 �C and in a laboratory oven set at 40 �C. Commercially-produced wood pellets yielded the highest carbon monoxide (CO) emissions at both 20 and 40�C (1600 and 13,000 ppmv), whereas torrefied wood chips emitted the lowest of about <
 200 and <
 2000 ppmv. Carbon dioxide (CO<
 sub>
 2<
 /sub>
 ) emissions from wood pellets were 3000 ppmv and 42,000 ppmv, whereas torrefied wood chips registered at about 2000 and 25,000 ppmv, at 20 and 40 �C at the end of 11 days of storage. CO emission factors (milligrams per kilogram of biomass) calculated were lowest for ground switchgrass and torrefied wood chips (2.68 and 4.86 mg/kg) whereas wood pellets had the highest CO of about 10.60 mg/kg, respectively, at 40 �C after 11 days of storage. In the case of CO<
 sub>
 2<
 /sub>
 , wood pellets recorded the lowest value of 55.46 mg/kg, whereas switchgrass recorded the highest value of 318.72 mg/kg. Finally, this study concludes that CO emission factor is highest for wood pellets, CO<
 sub>
 2<
 /sub>
  is highest for switchgrass and CH<
 sub>
 4<
 /sub>
  is negligible for all feedstocks except for wood pellets, which is about 0.374 mg/kg at the end of 11-day storage at 40 �C.
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