Reactivity of novel high-performance fuels on commercial three-way catalysts for control of emissions from spark-ignition engines [electronic resource]

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Tác giả:

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 614.521 Smallpox and attenuated forms

Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, D.C. : Oak Ridge, Tenn. : United States. Dept. of Energy. Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy ; Distributed by the Office of Scientific and Technical Information, U.S. Dept. of Energy, 2019

Mô tả vật lý: Size: Article No. 113640 : , digital, PDF file.

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 266296

 The Department of Energy ?Co-Optimization of Fuels and Engines? initiative aims to simultaneously develop novel high-performance fuels with advanced engine designs to reduce petroleum consumption. To achieve commercialization, advanced engines running on alternative fuels still must meet emissions regulations. Warm three-way catalysts (TWC) are very effective at meeting the stringent emissions regulations on pollutants such as nitrogen oxides (NOx), non-methane organic gases (NMOG) and carbon monoxide (CO) from gasoline-fueled spark-ignition (SI) engines operating under stoichiometric conditions
  thus, most SI engine emissions occur during cold-start, when the TWC has not yet achieved light-off. In the current study, the light-off behavior of novel high-performance fuel candidates has been investigated on a hydrothermally-aged commercial TWC using a synthetic engine-exhaust flow reactor system according to industry guidelines. Over 30 potential fuel components were examined in this study, including alkanes, alkenes, alcohols, ketones, esters, aromatic ethers, and non-oxygenated aromatic hydrocarbons. Short-chain acyclic oxygenates, including alcohols, ketones, and esters, tended to light off at relatively low temperatures, while alkenes, aromatics, and cyclic oxygenates tended to light off at relatively high temperatures. The light-off behavior of alkanes and alkenes depended strongly on their size and structure. In terms of the influence on CO light-off on the TWC, the fuels fell into two distinct categories: (i) non-inhibiting species including C<
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  alcohols, alkanes, acyclic ketones, and esters
  and (ii) inhibiting species including alkenes, aromatic hydrocarbons, cyclic oxygenates, and C<
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  alcohols.
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