ẢNH HƯỞNG CỦA LƯỢNG ĐẠM BÓN ĐẾN SINH TRƯỞNG, PHÁT TRIỂN VÀ NĂNG SUẤT CỦA MỘT SỐ GIỐNG NGÔ LAI MỚI TRỒNG VỤ XUÂN NĂM 2019 TẠI HUYỆN HOẰNG HÓA, TỈNH THANH HÓA

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Tác giả: Văn Ninh Lê, Văn Bình Nguyễn, Văn Thắng Nguyễn, Công Hạnh Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học - Trường Đại học Hồng Đức, 2020

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 269081

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In recent years, the planted area of hybrid maizes increased rapidly due to the increased consumer demand and has brough about high economic efficiency for producers. Therefore, finding a new short-term hybrid maize variety with high productivity and quality, proactively producing hybrid seed is one of the main goals of the breeders. For maizes, nitrogen fertilizer is an important nutrient for productivity and quality. Nitrogen fertilizer is active in the growth and development of maize. The dosage of nitrogen fertilizer affects the growth and development prameters of maize breeds such as tree height, number of leaves and the possibility of being infected by pests and diseases. Among the nitrogen fertilizing rates, the application rate of 175 kg N/ha basis (10 tons of manure + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O5) reached the highest growth and development values. Depending on the kinds of pest, the diseases at different levels of fertilizer, the level of harm of the pest, the disease to the maize breeds are also different. At no nitrogen fertilization level, the density and incidence of disease were lowest in all maizes. At the dosage of nitrogen fertilizing 200 kg N/ha on T8 variety, the highest density borer was 5.1%, leaf spot disease was 5.6% and shabby dry disease was 5.4%. Nitrogen fertilization has an effect on the yield and yield components of maizes such as the length of corn, diameter of corn, number of seeds per row, number of rows per corn, weight of 1000 seeds, theoretical yield and actual yield. At the dosage of fertilizing 175 kg N/ha basis (10 tons manure + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O2) the actual yield of the maizes was highest with QT55 maize breed yield was 8.52 tons/ha.Liều lượng bón đạm có ảnh hưởng đến các chỉ tiêu sinh trưởng, phát triển của các giống ngô như chiều cao cây, số lá và khả năng bị nhiễm các loại sâu, bệnh hại. Trong các liều lượng bón đạm thì mức bón 175 kg N/ha trên nền 10 tấn phân chuồng + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O5 đạt các trị số về sinh trưởng, phát triển cao nhất. Tùy vào từng loại sâu, bệnh hại ở các mức bón khác nhau, mức độ gây hại của sâu, bệnh đến các giống ngô cũng khác nhau. Ở mức không bón đạm mật độ sâu và tỷ lệ bệnh thấp nhất trên tất cả các giống ngô. Ở mức bón đạm 200 kg N/ha trên giống T8, tỷ lệ sâu đục thân hại nặng nhất là 5,1%, bệnh đốm lá hại là 5,6% và bệnh khô vằn hại là 5,4%. Bón phân đạm có ảnh hưởng đến năng suất và các yếu tố cấu thành năng suất của các giống ngô như chiều dài bắp, đường kính bắp, số hạt trên hàng, số hàng hạt trên bắp, khối lượng 1000 hạt, năng suất lý thuyết và năng suất thực thu. Ở mức bón 175 kg N/ha trên nền 10 tấn phân chuồng + 90 kg K2O + 90 kg P2O5 năng suất thực tế của các giống ngô đạt cao nhất, trong đó giống ngô QT55 đạt năng suất là 8,52 tấn/ha

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