Abstract: General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong passed away at 1:38 PM on July 19, 2024, leaving behind deep sorrow and special respect for the entire Party, people, and army. The intellect, resilience, willpower, moral character, and personality of General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong have left an indelible mark on the country's renovation process. General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong has left behind a significant and important theoretical legacy on socialism and the path to socialism in Vietnam. Vietnam Academy of Social Sciences respectfully presents the article “General Secretary Nguyen Phu Trong and the Mission of Building Socialism in Vietnam”. Keywords: Nguyen Phu Trong, theoretical legacy, socialism, path to socialism in Vietnam