The report summarizes the findings of an allocative efficiency analysis of Myanmar's national HIV epidemic and response. At the request of the Government of Myanmar, the World Bank and UNAIDS led an analysis of the allocation of resources used in the HIV response, to consider whether a different allocation could prevent more HIV-related deaths and new infections. This analysis has contributed to the decision-making processes around policy, programmatic and resource needs to be defined in Myanmar's third National Strategic Plan (2016-2020
NSP III) and Myanmar's HIV Concept Note, which was submitted to the Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria in June 2016. Myanmar has a concentrated HIV epidemic. The overall HIV prevalence among adults aged 15-49 years is estimated at 0.76 percent in 2015, but prevalence among certain subgroups (e.g., female sex workers (FSW), men who have sex with men (MSM), people who inject drugs (PWID)) is considerably higher. Myanmar's HIV response focuses on the key populations. The HIV-related programmes are mainly funded by international donors, and managed through government and non-governmental organizations and international development partners.