Ứng dụng mô hình đất ngập nước nhân tạo trồng cỏ vetiver và cỏ sậy để xử lý nước rỉ rác

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Phát triển Khoa học & Công nghệ: Khoa học Tự nhiên, 2018

Mô tả vật lý: tr.177

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 294276

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Constructed wetlands have been widely applied for removing pollutants in the leachate recently. In this study, constructed wetland system combined vertical flow and horizontal flow, using Vetiveria zizanioides L. and Phragmites australis, was set in a laboratory scale to assess the leachate treatment ability. The landfill leachate was added to the system with increasing concentration to evaluate the treatment ability by the time. The results showed that the removal efficiency reached the highest when the COD concentration was 575 mg/L, including BOD5 (96.48%), COD (83.24%), total nitrogen (91.43%), total phosphorus (77.84%), ammonia nitrogen (86.47%), and color (87.91%). Furthermore, the treated effluent quality reached the class A of the Vietnamese standard on industrial wastewater quality. Beside, when physicochemically treated leachate (coagulation – flocculation) (COD concentration was 1255.50 mg/L), was added to the system, the removing efficiencies remained stable by the time, with the efficiency of ammonia nitrogen removing (93.48%), BOD5 (94.86%), total phosphorus (96.67%), total nitrogen (95.81%). Besides, the treated effluent quality reached the class B of the Vienamese standard on industrial wastewater quality. On other hand, COD and color removing efficiencies were also high at the first stage and tended to reduce rapidly by the time. Therefore, the EM called Bayer Pond Plus added to the system could increase and substained the removing efficiencies of COD (66.61%), color (81.40%). The results of this study showed that constructed wetland system had potential in the landfill leachate treatment.Ô nhiễm nước rỉ rác là một trong những mối đe dọa đối với nguồn nước nói riêng, môi trường và sức khỏe con người nói chung. Do đó, việc tìm ra công nghệ xử lý nước rỉ rác hiệu quả, an toàn, và thân thiện với môi trường là điều rất cần thiết. Trong bài báo này, hệ thống đất ngập nước kiến tạo kết hợp dòng chảy đứng và dòng chảy ngang, trồng cỏ vetiver và cỏ sậy được thiết lập ở quy mô phòng thí nghiệm để đánh giá khả năng xử lý nước rỉ rác từ trạm xử lý nước rỉ rác thuộc khu xử lý chất thải tập trung. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, khi cho nước rỉ rác sau khi được xử lý sinh học với nồng độ COD là 575 mg/L đi qua hệ thống thì hiệu quả xử lý BOD5 đạt 96,48%, COD đạt 83,24%, nitrogen tổng đạt 91,43%, phosphate tổng đạt 77,84%, nitrogen ammonium đạt 86,47%, độ màu đạt 87,91%. Chất lượng nước thải đầu ra đạt loại A theo tiêu chuẩn QCVN 40: 2011/BTNMT. Bên cạnh đó, khi cho nước rỉ rác đã xử lý hóa lý 1 (keo tụ tạo bông) với nồng độ COD là 1255,50 mg/L đi qua hệ thống thì hiệu suất loại bỏ các chỉ tiêu như BOD5 đạt 94,86%, phosphate tổng đạt 96,67%, nitrogen tổng đạt 95,81%, nitrogen ammonium đạt 93,48% và duy trì ổn định theo thời gian. Chất lượng nước đầu ra đạt loại B theo tiêu chuẩn QCVN 40: 2011/ BTNMT. Ngoài ra, sự kết hợp của chế phẩm sinh học Bayer Pond Plus vào hệ thống đã làm tăng và duy trì được hiệu suất xử lý COD và độ màu tương ứng là 66,61% và 81,4%. Những kết quả của nghiên cứu này bước đầu cho thấy hệ thống đất ngập nước có tiềm năng ứng dụng để xử lý hiệu quả nước rỉ rác.

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