This policy note intends to expand the Western Balkans (WeBa's) knowledge on road vehicle emissions to inform WeBa countries, development partners and other regional and local stakeholders on policy options to manage road vehicle emissions while also considering fiscal implications. In particular, this note suggests evidence-based policy actions that can, at once: i) address and manage environmental, energy security, and affordability impacts of existing vehicles, taking into account fiscal considerations
ii) steer new vehicle integrations in the existing fleet, including in particular secondhand vehicle imports, towards better environmental and energy efficiency
iii) enable countries in the WeBa to embrace e-mobility
iv) ensure that the transition to e-mobility is socially and economically inclusive
v) and support the EU accession process by converging with the relevant acquis communautaire.