With the collaboration of the National Energy Authority of Papua New Guinea, the World Bank team launched the first Global Energy Access Households Surveys in Papua New Guinea in 2021 to establish a baseline for tracking progress toward the Sustainable Development Goal 7 target 7.1: ensure access to affordable, reliable, and sustainable modern energy for all by 2030. The survey aimed to inform the government of access targets, policies, and investment strategies for energy access based on Multi-Tier Framework (MTF). The MTF approach measures energy access provided by any technology or fuel based on a set of attributes that capture key characteristics of the energy supply that affect the user experience. Based on those attributes, it then defines six tiers of access, ranging from Tier 0 (no access) to Tier 5 (full access), along with a continuum of improvement. Each attribute is assessed separately, and the overall tier for a household's access to electricity is the lowest applicable tier attained among the attributes (Bhatia and Angelou 2015).