This report is part of a broader piece of analytical work referred to as the 'Identification and Evaluation of Market-Based Models and Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Options for Non-Sewered Sanitation Services (NSS) in Selected Cities/Towns in Kenya'. The report builds on the earlier Market Intelligence Research conducted in Kisumu, Malindi, Nairobi (Eastlands), Naivasha and Wajir as well as the NSS Business Model Report which identified and evaluated promising market-based business models for scaling up NSS across the entire NSS service chain - from containment to emptying & transport to treatment and disposal/reuse. The Market Intelligence Research showed that NSS usage across the 5 cities is 80-100 percent. Furthermore, most faecal sludge is not safely emptied and almost none is safely disposed of. At the same time population is growing in all 5 areas and a significant faecal sludge treatment deficit is projected for 2030. A significant market potential for improved NSS services exists and realizing that potential towards 2030 will benefit (i) the population through reduced health impacts of inadequate sanitation as well as the benefit of improved service quality
(ii) the environment through reduced overflowing of pits during rainy season and reduced unsafe disposal of faecal sludge from pits
(iii) the private operators through business expansion
and (iv) society through reduced health costs and increased employment.