The Upstream Tariff Simulator (UTAS)

• Tác giả: Andreas Eberhard-Ruiz
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 511.8 Mathematical models (Mathematical simulation)
• Thông tin xuất bản: World Bank, Washington, DC, 2020
• Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở
• ID: 300357
• Chủ đề: 1. INPUT-OUTPUT ECONOMICS; 2. SIMULATION; 3. TARIFF POLICY; 4. TARIFF PROTECTION; 5. TRADE POLICY

Tóm tắt

Increased international production fragmentation implies that firms at home rely on imported intermediates for production. In this context, tariff policy design needs to consider the impact downstream of changes in tariffs upstream. Policy makers embarking on tariff reforms need to answer questions such as: what is the impact of tariff changes on production costs downstream? What are the key input tariffs that could be reduced to lower production costs in priority sectors considering sectors' backward linkages? Or how will a tariff rationalization plan that focuses on tariff reductions in raw materials and intermediates affect effective protection across sectors? This paper presents the Upstream Tariff Simulator, a simple Microsoft Excel-based tool designed to help policy makers answer these questions, by combining information on tariffs and input-output structures and allowing alternative sectoral aggregations, and alternative market structures for input markets. It provides the underlying conceptual framework and a range of examples that show the insights that the tool can provide to policy makers when analyzing the impact of tariff reforms.