MỐI LIÊN HỆ GIỮA THÀNH PHẦN PHIÊU SINH THỰC VẬT VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG NƯỚC TẠI MỘT SỐ THỦY VỰC TỈNH AN GIANG

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Tác giả: Mạnh Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Tài nguyên và Môi trường, 2020

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Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 300670

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Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm đánh giá thành phần phiêu sinh thực vật và chất lượng nước ở một số thuỷ vực tỉnh An Giang năm 2017-2018. Số liệu về chất lượng nước mặt và phiêu sinh thực vật (PSTV) được thu thập từ Sở Tài nguyên và Môi trường tỉnh An Giang năm 2017-2018 với 12 vị trí nghiên cứu trên các thuỷ vực sông Tiền, sông Hậu, Bắc Vàm Nao và kênh rạch nội đồng. Chất lượng nước được đánh giá thông qua chỉ số đánh giá chất lượng nước (WQI) với các thông số tính toán bao gồm oxy hòa tan (DO), tổng chất rắn lơ lửng (TSS), nhu cầu oxy sinh hóa (BOD), nhu cầu oxy hóa học (COD), nitrate (N-NO3-), lân hòa tan (P-PO43-), amoni (N-NH4+), và Coliforms. Kết quả nghiên cứu trong 2 năm 2017-2018 phát hiện được 161 loài tảo với 94 chi thuộc 7 ngành tảo: tảo Lam (13,66%), tảo Khuê (24,22%), tảo Lục (24,22%), tảo Mắt (19,88%), tảo Vòng (14,91%), tảo Giáp (1,86%), tảo Vàng (1,24%). Chỉ số đa dạng sinh học (H’) cho thấy chất lượng nước ở hầu hết các thuỷ vực bị ô nhiễm nhẹ. Chỉ số chất lượng nước (WQI) phân loại nước từ nước bị ô nhiễm nặng đến nước có thể sử dụng cho mục đích tưới tiêu. Như vậy chỉ số H’ và WQI cho kết quả phân loại chất lượng nước khác nhau. Phân tích BIO-ENVI cho thấy các yếu tố pH, DO, TSS, COD, BOD, N-NO3-, P-PO43-, và coliform có tác động đến thành phần phiêu sinh thực vật. Kết quả nghiên cứu cung cấp thông tin quan trọng về mối liên hệ giữa chất lượng nước và phiêu sinh thực vật để có thể lựa chọn đối tượng quan trắc môi trường nước mặt phù hợp.The study was conducted to evaluate the phytoplankton composition and water quality in some water bodies of An Giang province in 2017-2018. Data on surface water quality and phytoplankton were collected from the Department of Natural Resources and Environment of An Giang province in 2017 - 2018 at 12 locations in Tien and Hau Rivers, Bac Vam Nao and in-field canals. Water quality was assessed by Water Quality Index (WQI) with calculated parameters including dissolved oxygen (DO), total suspended solids (TSS), biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), nitrate (N-NO3-), orthophosphate (P-PO43-), ammonium (N-NH4+), and coliforms. The findings identified 161 algae species with 94 genera belonging to 7 algae phyla: Cyanophyta (13.66%), Bacillariophyta (24.22%), Chlorophyta (24.22%), Euglenophyta (19.88%), Charophyta (14.91%), Pyrrophyta (1.86%) and Xanthophycophyta (1.24%). The Shannon-Wiener biodiversity index (H’) showed that water bodies were slightly polluted. The water quality index (WQI) classified water resource from heavily polluted water to water that can be used for irrigation purposes. Thus, the H 'and WQI index could be applied to classify water quality. BIO-ENVI analysis showed that the water parameters including pH, DO, TSS, COD, BOD, N-NO3-, P-PO43-, and coliforms affected phytoplankton diversity. The results of the this study provide important information regarding the relationship between water quality and phytoplankton in order to select suitable surface water quality parameters for monitoring.

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