SỬ DỤNG ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH THÁI VÀ MÃ VẠCH DNA ĐỂ ĐỊNH DANH LAN HÀI HƯƠNG LAN (Paphiopedilum emersonii)

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.18-25

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 303314

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Họ Lan (Orchidacea) là một họ thực vật rất lớn với nhiều loài cho hoa đẹp, giá trị cao. Trong họ Lan, chi lan Hài (Paphiopedilum) có nhiều loài cho hoa đẹp đặc biệt được yêu thích. Hiện nay, chi lan này đang bị đe dọa nghiêm trọng do khai thác không kiểm soát, nhiều loài trong chi có nguy cơ tuyệt chủng. Việt Nam có 22 trong tổng số khoảng 80 loài Paphiopedilum. Nhiều loài trong chi có hình thái tương đồng về thân lá, rất dễ nhầm lẫn khi phân biệt bằng mắt thường khi cây không có hoa. Chính vì vậy, phát triển các phương pháp để nhận diện lan Hài là rất cần thiết. Bài báo trình bày kết quả phân tích hình thái cấu tạo thân, rễ, lá, đặc biệt là chi tiết hoa của lan Hài Hương lan (P. emersonii) có nguồn gốc tại Thái Nguyên, Việt Nam, kết hợp với việc xác định trình tự gen lục lạp rbcL để nhận diện P. emersonii. Kết quả cho thấy, đoạn gen rbcL được phân lập từ mẫu Hài Hương lan có kích thước 683 bp. Trình tự nucleotide của đoạn gen rbcL được phân tích và so sánh với các trình tự trên ngân hàng gen NCBI . Độ tương đồng về trình tự nucleotide của mẫu nghiên cứu so với một số loài trong chi Paphiopedilum dao động từ 99,13% đến 99,98% (GenBank: NC_045278.1, KT388109.1, NC_041309.1, MK161066.1, MF983795.1, KJ524105.1, AB176547.1, JQ182212.1, JN181467.1, JN181466.1, JN181465.1, JQ182209.1, JN181468.1, AF074209.1). Trên sơ đồ phân loại hình cây thiết lập dựa trên trình tự gen rbcL, Hài Hương lan (P. emersonii) có quan hệ gần gũi với Hài Hồng (P. delenatii).Orchid genus Paphiopedilum is one of the special genus of the orchid family having beautiful flowers, vibrant colors and a unique structure. Recently, this orchid genus is seriously threatened due to overexploitation causing some of them to be endangered. About 22 specieses of Paphiopedilum have been discovered in Vietnam. Of which, many specieses are similar in leaf characteristics causing challenges and confusion for classification by morphological methods. Therefore, development of potential methods to identify species of this orchid genus is essential. In this study, we provided the details in characteristics of stem and leave morphological structures as well asflowers of species P. emersonii collected from Thai Nguyen province, Vietnam. In addition, the sequence of rbcL gene was also analyzed for the tested P. Emersonii species. In this result, a 683 bp fragment of the rbcL gene was amplified from the tested P. emersonii sample. The rbcL nucleotide sequence analysis using the BLAST software in the NCBI indicated that this orchid sample is belong to the Paphiopedilum genus. The similarity in the rbcL nucleotide sequences of this sample as compared to some species in genus Paphiopedilum ranged from 99.15% to 99.98% (GenBank: NC_045278.1, KT388109.1, NC_041309.1, MK161066.1, MF983795.1, KJ524105.1, AB176547.1, JQ182212.1, JN181467.1, JN181466.1, JN181465.1, JQ182209.1, JN181468.1, AF074209.1). According to the dendrogram tree of a the rbcL gene sequences, P. emersonii species was closely related to P. delenatii species.

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