Shocks, Coping, and Outcomes for Pakistan's Poor: Health Risks Predominate

• Tác giả: Rasmus Heltberg
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 362.77 Social welfare problems and services
• Thông tin xuất bản: 2012
• Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở
• ID: 303766
• Chủ đề: 1. Analysis of Health Care Markets I110; 2. Economic Development: Agriculture; 3. General Welfare I310; 4. Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs I380; 5. Welfare and Poverty: Government Programs

Tóm tắt

Reporting the results of a novel survey of shocks, coping, outcomes, and safety nets in Pakistan, we find high incidence and cost of shocks borne by households, with health and other idiosyncratic shocks dominating in frequency, costliness, and adversity. Sample households lack effective coping options and use mostly self-insurance and informal credit. Many shocks result in food insecurity, informal debts, child and bonded labour, and recovery is slow. Private and public social safety nets exist but offer little effective protection. Public action is needed to better control public health hazards and provide non-exploitative credit and more effective safety nets.