Rural Employment in Africa

• Tác giả: Miet Maertens
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 351.6 Public administration
• Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022
• Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở
• ID: 303956
• Chủ đề: 1. RURAL EMPLOYMENT; 2. AGRICULTURE; 3. RURAL TRANSFORMATION; 4. LABOR PRODUCTIVITY; 5. RURAL AREA; 6. INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE; 7. PRODUCTIVITY GAP; 8. PRODUCTIVE EMPLOYMENT; 9. AGRICULTURAL SELF-EMPLOYMENT; 10. ACCOUNT ADVANCE RATE; 11. CORPORATE CODE OF CONDUCT; 12. DRIVERS OF ECONOMIC GROWTH; 13. AGRICULTURAL EMPLOYMENT; 14. FOOD SYSTEM; 15. SURPLUS LABOR; 16. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT; 17. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY; 18. RURAL LABOR MARKET; 19. EMPLOYMENT IN AGRICULTURE; 20. INFORMAL SECTOR EMPLOYMENT; 21. NUMBER OF WORKERS; 22. RURAL LABOR FORCE; 23. AGRICULTURAL LABOR; 24. AGRICULTURAL VALUE CHAIN; 25. OFF-FARM EMPLOYMENT; 26. INVESTMENTS IN AGRICULTURE; 27. WAGE EMPLOYMENT; 28. HIGH POPULATION DENSITY; 29. GENDER WAGE GAP; 30. AGRICULTURAL LABOR FORCE; 31. AGRICULTURAL WAGE LABOR; 32. JOB QUALITY; 33. RURAL YOUTH; 34. GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN; 35. EMPLOYMENT CONDITION; 36. WORKING CONDITION; 37. MINIMUM WAGE; 38. AGRICULTURAL TRANSFORMATION; 39. DUAL ECONOMY

Tóm tắt

Africa's rural population continues to expand rapidly and labor productivity in agriculture and many rural off farm activities remains low. This paper uses the lens of a dual economy and the associated patterns of agricultural, rural, and structural transformation to review the evolution of Africa's rural employment and its inclusiveness. Many African countries still find themselves in an early stage of the agricultural and rural transformation. Given smaller sectoral productivity gaps than commonly assumed, greater size effects and larger spillovers, investment in agriculture and the rural off-farm economy remains warranted to broker the transition to more and more productive rural employment. The key policy questions thus become how best to invest in the agri-food system (on and increasingly also off the farm) and how best to generate demand for nonagricultural goods and services which rural households can competitively produce. Informing these choices continues to present a major research agenda, with digitization, the imperative of greening and intra-African liberalization raising many unarticulated and undocumented opportunities and challenges.