Nghiên cứu khả năng phối trộn biodiesel tổng hợp từ dầu mỡ cá thải tại các cơ sở chế biến thủy sản vào nhiên liệu diesel thỏa mãn tiêu chuẩn Việt Nam

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Tác giả: Dinh Thong Nguyen, Thanh Xuan Nguyen Thi

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ Việt Nam - B, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.43

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 308639

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Biodiesel được xem là một trong những loại nhiên liệu lý tưởng để thay thế nguồn nhiên liệu hóa thạch truyền thống. Báo cáo này giúp thấy rõ hơn vai trò của biodiesel thông qua nghiên cứu khả năng phối trộn của biodiesel được tổng hợp từ dầu/mỡ cá phế thải tại các cơ sở chế biến thủy sản vào nhiên liệu diesel thỏa mãn các chỉ tiêu kỹ thuật và môi trường theo TCVN 5689:2013 và QCVN 1:2015/BKHCN đối với nhiên liệu và nhiên liệu sinh học. Kết quả cho thấy dầu/mỡ cá thải thu hồi từ quá trình chế biến cá phile là một nguồn nguyên liệu tiềm năng để sản xuất biodiesel. Thông qua việc kiểm tra tính chất của các mẫu nhiên liệu gốc B0 (diesel), B100 và các mẫu nhiên liệu phối trộn B2, B4, B6, B8, B10, B12 nhận thấy, khi tăng tỷ lệ phối trộn sẽ cải thiện các tính chất cháy của nhiên liệu, đặc biệt làm tăng đáng kể trị số cetane, là một chỉ tiêu quan trọng làm tăng khả năng tự bắt cháy của nhiên liệu, giúp động cơ chạy êm và khói thải chứa ít thành phần độc hại hơn. Việc phối trộn biodiesel cũng làm giảm đáng kể hàm lượng lưu huỳnh, đây là chỉ tiêu môi trường quan trọng liên quan đến tiêu chuẩn phát thải các hạt ô nhiễm cần được quan tâm, đặc biệt trong bối cảnh Việt Nam đang hướng đến sử dụng tiêu chuẩn phát thải EURO 5. Các tiêu chuẩn khác liên quan đến lưu trữ cũng cho thấy việc phối trộn biodiesel cải thiện được sự an toàn cháy nổ cũng như việc sử dụng nhiên liệu trong điều kiện nhiệt độ thấp.Biodiesel is considered as one of the ideal fuels to replace traditional fossil fuel sources. This report exhibited the role of biodiesel through the mixing ability of biodiesel synthesised from oil/fat of fish waste in seafood processing facilities into diesel satisfying technical and environmental indicators according to TCVN 5689:2013 and QCVN 1:2015/BKHCN for diesel fuels and biofuels. The result showed that oil/fat of fish waste recovered from catfish processing is a potential source for biodiesel production. The result of examining the properties of the original fuel B0 (diesel), B100, and the blending samples B2, B4, B6, B8, B10, B12 revealed that increasing mixing rates will improve the burning properties of fuels, in particular dramatically increase the cetane number, which is an important indicator that increases the autoinflammation of fuel, keeps running smoothly and its exhaust contains fewer hazardous components. The blending of biodiesel significantly reduced the sulfur content, which is an important environmental target relating to the emission standards, needs special attention in the context of Vietnam is following the Euro 5 emission standards. Other standards relating to fuel storage also showed that the blending with biodiesel improved fire safety as well as the use of fuel in low-temperature conditions.

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