Across Africa, rising populations and increased socioeconomic activity in coastal areas are resulting in increasing marine pollution. Rather than expand their Blue Economies, countries need to combat pollution in coastal and marine waters to mitigate the threats posed to biodiversity, ecosystem resilience, food security, and human health. This brief presents the challenges and potential solutions for three types of marine pollution: plastics, wastewater, and oil spills. The World Bank is well-placed to provide analytical, technical, policy, and capacity development assistance relating to marine pollution. In addition, the World Bank provides financing through various instruments for initiatives that seek to combat marine pollution by improving waste management, strengthening and expanding wastewater treatment, and protecting the marine and coastal environment. With ocean health widely recognized as a key contributor to addressing climate change, the World Bank's work will enable African countries to transition towards a resilient and inclusive Blue Economy.