Một số đặc điểm dịch tễ và yếu tố nguy cơ bệnh Newcasstle trên gà tại ba huyện của tỉnh Tiền Giang

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học kỹ thuật Thú y, 2019

Mô tả vật lý: tr.13

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 312709

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Đề tài này được thực hiện nhằm nghiên cứu một số đặc điểm dịch tễ và yếu tố nguy cơ liên quan đến bệnh Newcastle (ND) trên gà nuôi tại 6 xã thuộc 3 huyện (xã Phú Kiết, Bình Phục Nhứt của huyện Chợ Gạo
xã Bình Nghị, Tân Thành của huyện Gò Công Đông và xã An Cư, Hậu Mỹ Bắc B, huyện Cái Bè) của tỉnh Tiền Giang từ tháng 1 năm 2018 đến tháng 4 năm 2019 bằng phương pháp phỏng vấn hộ chăn nuôi qua phiếu điều tra và thu thập mẫu lách trên 140 đàn gà bệnh để phát hiện virus Newcastle bằng phương pháp Realtime RT-PCR tại Phòng Thí nghiệm của Chi cục Thú y Vùng VI. Kết quả điều tra và xét nghiệm cho thấy, tỷ lệ mẫu dương tính với virus Newcastle là 46,67%
bệnh này chủ yếu tập trung trên đàn gà ở nhóm tuổi 4 - 16 tuần và trên đàn gà chủng ngừa vac xin Newcastle không đầy đủ. Ở những đàn gà có mẫu dương tính, ghi nhận nhiều gà có triệu chứng và bệnh tích đặc trưng của ND (thở khó, phân lỏng màu xanh, phù mí mắt
xuất huyết khí quản, dạ dày tuyến, van hồi manh tràng, lỗ huyệt…). Yếu tố nguy cơ chính đối với ND trên gà được xác định là chủ nuôi không thực hiện tiêu độc khử trùng định kỳ (2 lần/tuần), chủng ngừa vac xin Newcastle không đầy đủ, có xuất hiện chim hoang tại khu vực chăn nuôi, có sự biến động bất thường của gia cầm trong trại, đặc biệt là phát hiện nhiều con mạt trên đàn gà.The objective of this study aimed at investigating some epidemiological characteristics and risk factors relating to Newcastle disease (ND) in the chicken flocks raising in three districts (Cho Gao, Go Cong, Cai Be), Tien Giang province from Jan., 2018 to Apr., 2019. The data of 140 chicken farms relating to farm management practices, ND experience and vaccination were collected from the household farms using the predesigned questionnaires. A total of 140 spleen samples from 40 chicken flocks were collected to detect the Newcastle disease virus using Realtime RT-PCR technique at the laboratory of the Regional Animal Health Office No.6. The studied results showed that the ND prevalence in the chicken flocks was 46.67%, which was mostly detected in the chickens at 4 to 16 weeks old and ND vaccination for the chicken flocks was not adequate. In the chicken flocks having positive samples with ND, there were several chickens showing the typically clinical symptoms and signs of Newcastle disease, such as: dyspnea, watery blue feces, eyelids edema, hemorrhagic signs in trachea, proventriculus and cloaca. The main risk factors for Newcastle disease in the chicken flocks were determined, including the farm owners were not do disinfection periodically (2 times per week) for the farms, ND vaccination for the chicken flocks was not adequate, the wild birds appeared in the farm areas, the abnormal fluctuations of bird in the farms, particularly there were many mites found in the chickens

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