PHÂN TẦNG XÃ HỘI DỰA TRÊN NGHỀ Ở NAM BỘ TỪ THẬP NIÊN 2000 ĐẾN NAY

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Tác giả: Thúc Dũng Hà, Đan Tâm Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học xã hội Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.16 - 28

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 312876

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Bài viết sử dụng bốn bộ dữ liệu điều tra mức sống dân cư (VHLSS) 2006, 2010, 2014 và 2018 để phân tích phân tầng xã hội dựa trên nghề ở Nam Bộ. Kết quả phân tích cho thấy, cơ cấu giai tầng ở Nam Bộ sau 12 năm vẫn mang đặc điểm của một xã hội công nghiệp chưa hoàn thành với các nhóm nghề thuộc tầng dưới trong tháp phân tầng chiếm tỷ lệ khá cao ở hầu hết các năm, còn các nhóm nghề thuộc tầng trên và tầng giữa chiếm tỷ lệ tương đối thấp. Cơ cấu giai tầng dựa trên nghề ở nông thôn và đô thị có sự khác biệt khá lớn, trong đó ở khu vực đô thị tháp phân tầng có hình quả trám ở hầu hết các năm khảo sát, thể hiện một xã hội công nghiệp phát triển, còn ở nông thôn tháp phân tầng vẫn mang hình kim tự tháp với tầng dưới chiếm tỷ lệ tương đối cao, điều này cho thấy cơ cấu xã hội ở nông thôn Nam Bộ vẫn mang dáng dấp của một xã hội nông nghiệp chưa phát triển. Trong đó, ở hai thời điểm 2010 và 2014 tỷ lệ các nhóm nghề thuộc tầng giữa trung và tầng giữa dưới đã giảm xuống khá rõ do ảnh hưởng của khủng hoảng kinh tế - tài chính toàn cầu.The article uses four data sets of Viet Nam Living Standard Survey (VHLSS) 2006, 2010, 2014 and 2018 to explain the social stratification based on occupation in Southern Vietnam. The results show that, after 12 years, the class structure in the South still has the characteristics of an incomplete industrial society with the lower levels of occupations in lower classes accounting for a high proportion in the stratification tower in most of the year and the group of occupations in the upper and middle classes accounting for a relatively low proportion. There is a big difference in the stratification structure based on occupation in rural and urban areas, in the urban area the stratification tower has a canarium shape in most of the surveyed years, showing a developed industrial society, while in the rural, the stratification tower still has a pyramid shape with the lower classes accounting for high percentage, this shows that the social structure in rural Southern Vietnam still has an undeveloped agricultural society. On the other hand, in 2010 and 2014, the group of occupations in the middle and lower middle has decreased significantly due to the impact of the global economic and financial crisis.

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