XÁC ĐỊNH HÀM LƯỢNG KIM LOẠI TRONG ĐẤT TRỒNG VÀ TRONG CỦ NGHỆ VÀNG TẠI HUYỆN CHỢ ĐỒN, TỈNH BẮC KẠN BẰNG PHƯƠNG PHÁP ICP-MS

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.70-79

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 314267

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Trong những năm gần đây, Nghệ vàng (Curcuma longa L.) đang được người tiêu dùng sử dụng rất phổ biến để làm gia vị, “mỹ phẩm” chăm sóc da và làm dược liệu. Việc xác định hàm lượng các nguyên tố kim loại, đặc biệt là các nguyên tố độc hại như Cu, Pb, Cd, As và Zn có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong việc đánh giá mức độ an toàn của các sản phẩm được chiết xuất từ củ Nghệ vàng. Bằng phương pháp ICP-MS, nghiên cứu đã xác định được hàm lượng tổng số của 24 nguyên tố kim loại trong các mẫu đất và mẫu củ Nghệ vàng thu thập tại các vị trí tương ứng của 6 xã thuộc huyện Chợ Đồn, tỉnh Bắc Kạn. Đất trồng Nghệ tại các xã nghiên cứu có nguy cơ ô nhiễm Cd, Cr, Zn và Cu
chưa có dấu hiệu ô nhiễm Pb và As. Hàm lượng Cd ở cả 6 mẫu củ Nghệ vàng đều vượt quy chuẩn cho phép của Việt Nam từ 2,33 đến 3,53 lần
vượt chuẩn của WHO từ 7,8 đến 11,8 lần. Hàm lượng Zn trong củ cũng vượt quy chuẩn cho phép của WHO. Theo quy chuẩn này, hàm lượng As và Pb trong các mẫu củ Nghệ đều nằm trong ngưỡng an toàn. Mối quan hệ tuyến tính giữa hàm lượng kim loại trong đất trồng và trong củ không có ý nghĩa thống kê, do đó Nghệ vàng là loài thực vật không có khả năng tích lũy cao kim loại trong củ.Turmeric (Curcuma longa L.) has been used widely as a condiment, medicine, and skincare product for the last few years. Determination of the content of metallic elements in soil and turmeric, especially toxic ones such as Cu, Pb, Cd, As, Zn is essential in assessing the safety of products derived from this plant. Concentrations of 24 metal elements in soil samples and turmeric samples collected at respective locations in six communes in Cho Don district, Bac Kan province were determined by ICP-MS. Turmeric-growing soils in the studied communes were at risk of pollution of Cd, Cr, Zn, Cu, and there was no sign of Pb and As pollution. The content of Cd in six turmeric samples exceeded national standards from 2.33 to 3.53 times and surpassed the WHO standards on food by 7.8 to 11.8 times. The concentration of zinc which was measured in turmeric samples also exceeded the international standard. According to this regulation, the concentrations of As and Pb in the turmeric samples were in the safe threshold. The correlation between the metal contents in soil samples and turmeric samples is not statistically significant, so turmeric is a plant species with no high ability to accumulate metal.

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