This study was commissioned by The World Bank as part of the research to feed into the development of the Government of Nepal's national transport management strategy. The overall strategy vision is 'to develop safe, efficient and environmentally friendly transport'. Under the second pillar of the draft strategy which refers to 'management of road transport', there is specific reference to the particular needs of women in transport. The study took place between October and December, 2013 and comprised a review of secondary data and the collection of primary data via a questionnaire survey of public transport users in the Kathmandu valley, qualitative conversations and focus group discussions with users and non-users of public transport as well as key informant interviews with transport operators, police and relevant Government department staff and supplemented by participant observation. The questionnaire survey was carried out with 470 people (60 percent women) and qualitative conversations involved a further 165 (58 percent women). The questionnaire was administered 'in situ' as people were commuting on public transport at different times of the day and on different transport routes in and around the city.