Chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh chạy thận nhân tạo chu kỳ sau giáo dục sức khỏe tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình năm 2020

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.140

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ID: 322103

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Mục tiêu: Đánh giá sự thay đổi chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh chạy thận nhân tạo chu kỳ sau giáo dục sức khoẻ tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình năm 2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp giáo dục có so sánh trước sau trên 90 người bệnh chạy thận nhân tạo chu kỳ tại khoa Thận nhân tạo, Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Thái Bình từ tháng 12 năm 2019 đến tháng 4 năm 2020. Tư vấn trực tiếp, nhóm nhỏ từ 7 - 10 người bệnh, nội dung tư vấn dựa trên hướng dẫn của CDC Hoa Kỳ, hướng dẫn của Tổ chức Y tế Thế giới (WHO), hướng dẫn của Viện dinh dưỡng Quốc gia. Sử dụng bộ câu hỏi đánh giá chất lượng cuộc sống bệnh thận KDQOL-SFTM phiên bản 1.3 bản tiếng Việt có độ tin cậy với hệ số Cronbach alpha 0,90 trước khi áp dụng cho nghiên cứu này. Kết quả: Với phổ điểm từ 0 - 100 điểm, điểm ở các lĩnh vực đánh giá đều tăng lên so với trước can thiệp
cụ thể điểm trung bình chất lượng cuộc sống SF36 là 42,19 ± 19,75
sau can thiệp 1 tháng, tăng lên 45,70 ± 16,01, sau can thiệp 3 tháng, tăng lên 53,85 ± 16,84. Điểm các vấn đề bệnh thận trước can thiệp là 54,91 ± 21,69 tăng lên 57,94 ± 9,62 sau 1 tháng can thiệp và tăng lên 59,67 ± 10,03 sau 3 tháng can thiệp. Điểm chất lượng cuộc sống chung của người bệnh trước can thiệp là 48,55 ± 16,75, tăng lên 51,82 ± 11,62 sau can thiệp 1 tháng và tăng lên 56,76 ± 12,52 sau can thiệp 3 tháng. Sự khác biệt có ý nghĩa thống kê với p <
0,001. Kết luận: Chương trình giáo dục sức khỏe đã góp phần cải thiện chất lượng cuộc sống của người bệnh chạy thận nhân tạo chu kỳ.Objective: To assess changes in the quality of life of regular hemodialysis patients in General Hospital of Thai Binh province in 2020 after health education. Method: An educational intervention was implemented in 90 patients with regular hemodialysis at the Department of Nephrology, Thai Binh General Hospital from December 2019 to April 2020. Direct consultations for small groups of 7-10 patients were applied, the counseling contents based on the guidelines of the US CDC, guidelines of the World Health Organization, guidelines of the National Institute of Nutrition were applied for educatiing patients. The KDQOL-SFTMversion 1.3 in Vietnamese language was used to measure with Cronbach alpha coefficient of 0,90. Results: Within a band score from 0 - 100 points, scores in the evaluation domains all increased compared to results before the intervention
specifically, the SF36 average quality of life score which was 42,19 ± 19,75
1 month after intervention, it was increased to 45,70 ± 16,01, after 3 months, it increased to 53,85 ± 16,84. Before the intervention, kidney problems criterium scored 54,91 ± 21,69. It increased to 57,94 ± 9,62 after 1 month of intervention and 59,67 ± 10,03 after 3 months of intervention. The overall quality of life score of patients before intervention was 48,55 ± 16,75, increased to 51,82 ± 11,62 one month after intervention and increased to 56,76 ± 12,52 after 3 months of intervention (the differences were significant with p values of 0,001). Conclusion: The health education programs improved the quality of life of regular hemodialysis patients.

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