Thực trạng dinh dưỡng ở người bệnh đột quỵ não cấp điều trị tại Trung tâm đột quỵ não – Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.96

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 322209

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Mục tiêu: Sàng lọc tình trạng dinh dưỡng, đánh giá đặc điểm dinh dưỡng lâm sàng, nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng và tỉ lệ suy dinh dưỡng tiến triển trong điều trị trên người bệnh đột quỵ não cấp. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang từ tháng 4-6/2016 trên 210 người bệnh đột quỵ não cấp được điều trị tại Trung tâm Đột quỵ não, Bệnh viện Trung ương Quân đội 108. Kết quả: Tình trạng dinh dưỡng chung tại thời điểm vào viện, có 63,3% người bệnh suy dinh dưỡng và nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng, trong quá trình điều trị có cải thiện còn 58%, tại thời điểm ra viện còn 48,6%. Nhóm người bệnh ≤ 65 tuổi (nhóm 1) tỉ lệ nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng thấp hơn nhóm người bệnh >
65 tuổi tương ứng là 43,8% so với 86,5% (nhóm 2), cải thiện dinh dưỡng cũng tích cực hơn trong quá trình điều trị tương ứng 21,1% so với 81,2% tại thời điểm ra viện. Nguyên nhân chủ yếu của nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng bệnh viện đối với người bệnh đột quỵ não cấp là khó khăn trong nuôi dưỡng do các rối loạn nuốt, suy giảm nhận thức phải đặt sonde ăn hay tình trạng trào ngược dạ dày (54,8%). Kết luận: Tỉ lệ người bệnh đột quỵnão cấp có nguy cơ suy dinh dưỡng bệnh viện cao (63,3%). Quá trình điều trị tình trạng dinh dưỡng có cải thiện rõ rệt với tình trạng suy dinh dưỡng khi ra viện giảm xuống còn 48,6%.Objective: To screen nutrition status, review the characteristics of clinical nutrition,the risks of malnutrition and the prevalence of malnutrition evolution during hospitalization in acute stroke patients. Method: A prospective, descriptive study was carried out on 210 patients with acute stroke since 4-6/2016 treatment in a concentration center 108 Military central hospital. Results: At admission 63.3% of patients were malnourished and at risk of malnutrition, the prevalence was 58% in the hospitalization, and 48.6% at discharge. In the patient group under 65 years-group 1, the risks of malnutrition was lower than that in the group over 65 –group 2(43.8% vs 86.5%). Nutrition status improvement is also better in the group 1, patients with the risk of malnutrition reduced to 21,1% at the discharge compared with 81,2% in group 2. The main cause of hospital malnutrition in acute stroke patients was the difficulty in feeding because of dysphagia, cognitive decline that needed stomach tube feeding and of gastric reflux 54.8%. Conclusion: The risk of malnutrition in acute stroke patients was as high as 63.3%. In the treatment process the nutrition status of patients was improved significantly with the malnutrition rate reduced to 48.6%.

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