Thay đổi kiến thức về tuân thủ điều trị thuốc chống đông kháng Vitamin K của người bệnh tim mạch điều trị ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Nam Định

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Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Điều dưỡng, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.288

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 322393

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Mục tiêu: Mô tả thực trạng và đánh giá những thay đổi kiến thức về tuân thủ điều trị thuốc chống đông kháng vitamin K của người bệnh tim mạch trước và sau can thiệp giáo dục sức khỏe tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Nam Định năm 2020. Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: Nghiên cứu can thiệp giáo dục trên một nhóm có so sánh trước và sau can thiệp, sử dụng thang đo tuân thủ điều trị của Donald được thực hiện với 102 người bệnh tim mạch đang dùng thuốc chống đông kháng vitamin K điều trị ngoại trú tại Bệnh viện Đa khoa tỉnh Nam Định năm 2020. Kết quả: Trước can thiệp giáo dục sức khỏe, kiến thức về tuân thủ điều trị thuốc chống đông kháng vitamin K của người bệnh tim mạch còn hạn chế với điểm trung bình chỉ đạt 3,84 ± 1,98 điểm trên tổng 8 điểm của thang đo. Ngay sau can thiệp và 1 tháng sau can thiệp, kiến thức về tuân thủ của người bệnh đã được cải thiện với điểm trung bình kiến thức lần lượt là 7,56 ± 0,82 điểm và 7,09 ± 1,09 điểm so với 3,84 ± 1,98 điểm (p<
0,01). Các tỷ lệ người bệnh theo mức độ kiến thức “Kém”, “Trung bình” và “Tốt” về tuân thủ trước can thiệp lần lượt là 23,5%, 51,0% và 25,5% đã thay đổi theo hướng tích cực hơn ngay sau can thiệp và 1 tháng sau can thiệp với không còn người bệnh ở mức độ kém, mức độ tốt lần lượt là 95,1% và 86,3%. Kết luận: Kiến thức về tuân thủ điều trị thuốc chống đông kháng vitamin K của người bệnh tim mạch trong nghiên cứu còn nhiều hạn chế trước can thiệp và đã được cải thiện rõ rệt sau can thiệp giáo dục sức khỏe.Objective: To describe the actual knowledge of compliance to vitamin K anticoagulation therapy in out-patients with cardiovascular disease and to assess changes before and after patient educational intervention in 2020. Method: The one group pre-test and post-test educational intervention was conducted among 102 out-patients with cardiovascular disease undergoing vitamin K anticoagulation therapy. The Donald scale to measure medication adherence was used to assess the knowledge before and after the educational intervention. Results: Before the health educational intervention the participated patients’ knowledge of compliance to vitamin K anticoagulation therapy was limited with the mean score of only 3.84 ± 1.98 points of the 8 point-scale, then increased to 7.56 ± 0.82 points right after the intervention and remained at 7.09 ± 1.09 points one month later, the difference in scores after and before the intervention were statistically significant with p values of 0.01. The percentages of patients with the knowledge of “Poor”, “Average” and “Good” levels were 23.5%, 51.0% and 25.5% before the intervention. Immediately after the intervention and 1 month after the intervention, the percentage of patients with the good level of knowledge increased to 95.1% and 86.3%, respectively and no patient with the poor level of knowledge right after and one month later the intervention. Conclusion: The knowledge of cardiovascular disease patients’ adherence to vitamin K anticoagulant therapy within the study was limited then improved significantly after the educational intervention.

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