Along with the speed of industrialization and modernization, the problem of urban environmental pollution is also increasing. This study aims to assess the characteristics of urban wastewater in Vinh Long province, Vietnam in 2019. Nine parameters, including pH, temperature, TSS, BOD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, PO43--P, S2- and coliform at 22 monitoring locations in Vinh Long province were collected and compared with threshold values of national technical regulation on domestic wastewater (QCVN 14:2008/BTNMT). Pearson correlation, principal component (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to analyze relationship of water quality parameters, pollution sources and key water variables resulting water quality variation, and similarities in wastewater properties in the study area. The findings showed that urban wastewater was contaminated with organic matters, nutrients, microorganisms. Correlation analysis found that organic matters and nutrients were strongly correlated in the wastewater, with correlation coefficient ranging from 0.529 - 0.771 (TSS, BOD, NH4+-N, NO3--N, PO43--P). The PCA showed that about 88.1% of the variation in water quality was explained by 5 factors: living activities, market, industries, production and business establishments. CA classified properties of urban wastewater into different clusters because of organic matters, nutrients (Group IV), and microorganisms (Group I). Findings of this study revealed that direct discharge of urban wastewater will adversely affect surface water environment
thus, urban managers should have solutions to treat wastewater before discharging in order to avoid environmental pollution of the receiving source as well as reduce public health concerns.