CHỌN LỌC GIỐNG SẮN TIỀM NĂNG CHỐNG CHỊU ĐIỀU KIỆN NGẬP ÚNG THÔNG QUA SỰ BIỂU HIỆN HÌNH THÁI

CHỌN LỌC GIỐNG SẮN TIỀM NĂNG CHỐNG CHỊU ĐIỀU KIỆN NGẬP ÚNG THÔNG QUA SỰ BIỂU HIỆN HÌNH THÁI - SINH LÍ

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Tác giả: Anh Vũ Nguyen, Sengsoulichan Dethvongsa, Khánh Vân Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học - Trường Đại học Sư phạm Hà Nội: Khoa học Tự nhiên, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.56

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 326584

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The experiment screening of potential cassava varieties for good tolerance to artificial waterlogging was evaluated on 17 varieties of cassava in vitro at 3 months of age after planting in potting soil for 12 days through physiological parameters: number of leaves\plant, number of yellow leaves, number of wilted plants and chlorophyll content. The results showed that cassava varieties had different tolerance to waterlogging: some varieties showed physiological symptoms only after 3 days of growth on waterlogging conditions such as the number of leaves\plant decreasing to 83.93 %. 93.75 %, 93.81 %, 95.88 % and 96.48 % in cassava varieties C86, C23, Hanoi3, C84 and C31, respectively. After 6 days of waterlogging, the percentage of yellow leaves in some varieties of cassava had been increased, attained up to 40 % of the total leaves\plant turned yellow such as C71 (44.68 %) or C13 (53.12 %) varieties while other cassava varieties wilted and die 100 % such as Hanoi3, C10, C13, C34, C42, C66, C71, C84 and C86
along with the symtoms of morphological and growth of cassava varieties on waterlogging conditions, the total of chlorophyll content also decreased. After 9 days of waterlogging, only C60 variety remained chlorophyll content with 77.38 % but in other cassava varieties, the chlorophyll content was not more than 50 %. We founded that the longer the duration of waterlogging, the more tolerant response of the studied cassava varieties was revealed. After 12 days of experiment, we initially determined that the C60 variety was the best flood tolerance among the 17 studied varieties and this was a good source of materials on selecting the variety of flood tolerant cassava.Thí nghiệm chọn lọc giống sắn tiềm năng chống chịu ngập úng nhân tạo được thực hiện trên 17 giống sắn in vitro ở giai đoạn 3 tháng tuổi sau khi trồng trong bầu đất trong thời gian 12 ngày thông qua các chỉ tiêu sinh lí: số lượng lá\cây, số lượng lá vàng, số lượng cây héo và hàm lượng diệp lục. Kết quả thí nghiệm cho thấy các giống sắn có khả năng chịu ngập úng khác nhau: một số giống chỉ sau 3 ngày sinh trưởng trong điều kiện ngập úng bắt đầu có biểu hiện như số lượng lá\cây giảm xuống còn 83,93 % 93,75 %, 93,81 %, 95,88 % và 96,48 % ở các giống sắn C86, C23, H3, C84 và C31 theo thứ tự
sau 6 ngày bị ngập thì một số giống sắn có tỉ lệ lá vàng tăng mạnh, trên 40 % tổng số lá\cây chuyển sang màu vàng như giống sắn C71 (44,68 %) hay giống C13 (53,12 %), nhiều giống sắn bị héo và chết 100 % số lượng cây thí nghiệm như các giống Hanoi3, C10, C13, C34, C42, C66, C71, C84 và C86
cùng với các biểu hiện về hình thái và sinh trưởng của các giống sắn trong điều kiện ngập úng thì chỉ tiêu về hàm lượng diệp lục tổng số cũng suy giảm rõ rệt, sau 9 ngày ngập úng thì chỉ còn giống C60 là vẫn có hàm lượng diệp lục tổng số là 77,38 %, các giống sắn khác thì hàm lượng này không quá 50 %. Chúng tôi nhận thấy thời gian ngập úng càng dài thì đáp ứng chống chịu của các giống sắn nghiên cứu càng bộc lộ rõ hơn. Sau 12 ngày thí nghiệm, chúng tôi xác định được giống sắn C60 là giống có khả năng chịu ngập tốt nhất trong 17 giống nghiên cứu và đây sẽ là nguồn vật liệu tốt trong việc chọn tạo giống sắn chịu ngập.

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