Distortions to agricultural incentives in Cameroon

• Tác giả: Ernest Bamou
• Ngôn ngữ: eng
• Ký hiệu phân loại: 591.96 Specific topics in natural history of animals
• Thông tin xuất bản: Washington, DC: World Bank, 2022
• Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở
• ID: 326730
• Chủ đề: 1. AGRICULTURE; 2. ACCESS TO INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY; 3. URBAN AGRICULTURAL POLICY; 4. FARMER; 5. GLOBAL DEVELOPMENT NETWORK; 6. POVERTY REDUCTION & ECONOMIC MANAGEMENT; 7. PRIMARY PRODUCT; 8. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT; 9. AGRICULTURAL SECTOR; 10. REAL EXCHANGE RATE MISALIGNMENT; 11. OIL BOOM; 12. INTERNATIONAL CURRENCY; 13. MULTILATERAL DEBT RELIEF INITIATIVE; 14. GROSS VALUE OF PRODUCTION; 15. PURCHASING POWER PARITY TERM; 16. BLACK MARKET EXCHANGE RATE; 17. REAL EFFECTIVE EXCHANGE RATE; 18. AVERAGE FOR SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; 19. WHOLESALE PRICE; 20. CROP; 21. OFFICIAL EXCHANGE RATE; 22. FORMS OF PRODUCTION; 23. BLACK MARKET PREMIUM; 24. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTION; 25. AGRICULTURAL OUTPUT; 26. NOMINAL RATE; 27. DUTCH DISEASE; 28. EXCHANGE RATES; 29. NOMINAL EXCHANGE RATE; 30. AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE; 31. FOREIGN EXCHANGE RATE; 32. SEPARATION OF FUNCTIONS; 33. PRIVATE EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION; 34. FIGHT AGAINST CORRUPTION; 35. FOOD CROP PRODUCTION; 36. COST OF TRANSPORTATION; 37. TARIFF RATE QUOTA; 38. AVAILABILITY OF COLLATERAL; 39. LOANS FROM FAMILY; 40. CIVIL SERVICE SALARY; 41. EXCHANGE RATE INDEX; 42. PARALLEL EXCHANGE RATE; 43. EXCHANGE RATE CHANGE; 44. AVERAGE TAX RATE; 45. FOREIGN EXCHANGE RESTRICTION; 46. FOREIGN EXCHANGE MARKET; 47. BURDEN OF TAXATION; 48. INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL STATISTIC; 49. AGRICULTURAL INPUT DISTRIBUTION; 50. UNIT LABOR COSTS; 51. EXPANSION OF EXPORT; 52. RAPID ECONOMIC EXPANSION; 53. CHILD MORTALITY RATE; 54. PRIMARY SCHOOL ENROLLMENT; 55. EXPANSION OF PLANTATIONS; 56. SUBSIDIES FOR FERTILIZER; 57. PUBLIC AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH; 58. KINDS OF RESOURCE; 59. INTEGRATED RURAL DEVELOPMENT; 60. AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD; 61. TRANSFER OF TECHNOLOGY; 62. LOCAL MARKET CONDITION; 63. FOREIGN AID DONOR; 64. PER CAPITA INCOME; 65. AREA UNDER CULTIVATION; 66. EXTERNAL DEBT SERVICE; 67. LIMITED GOVERNMENT INTERVENTION; 68. SPARSELY POPULATED AREAS; 69. LINES OF RESPONSIBILITY; 70. INTERNATIONAL INTELLECTUAL COMMUNITY; 71. TRADITIONAL DEBT RELIEF; 72. TERMS OF TRADE; 73. ECONOMIC GROWTH RATE; 74. PRIMARILY DUE; 75. QUALITY OF INFRASTRUCTURE; 76. MULTILATERAL TRADE NEGOTIATION; 77. LONG TERM DEVELOPMENT; 78.

Tóm tắt

Cameroon is among the more prosperous countries in Africa, thanks to relatively abundant agricultural land and offshore petroleum. These spurred an economic boom from unification of the country in 1972 until 1986, which was followed by a decade of decline from 1986 to 1995 and a limited recovery since then. Prior to the economic crisis of the late 1980s, Cameroon's development strategy efforts were managed through a series of five-year development plans. In these, agriculture was described as the priority sector and the government intervened massively in rural development, both directly through the establishment of state-owned agro-industries, rural corporations and settlements, and also indirectly through various support programs. Later reforms and the devaluation of 1994 improved performance through allowing more market incentives to play a role. In this chapter the authors use the methodology of Anderson et al. (2008) to quantify the evolution of those distortions to farmer incentives, measuring the incidence of government policy on producers and consumers each year in Cameroon from 1961 to 2004. For each of the major activities we compute Nominal Rates of Assistance (NRAs), which are then aggregated into a variety of other indexes. The chapter is organized as follows. The next section provides a brief overview of agriculture's role in the economy. A summary of the main agricultural policy incentives, interventions and reforms is then provided, before describing the country's growth performance over time. The main section computes and analyzes government distortions to agricultural incentives, and the concluding section speculates on prospects for future policy reform.