The Rise and Fall of Brazilian Inequality: 1981-2004

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Tác giả: Francisco H.G Ferreira

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 199.81 *Other geographic areas

Thông tin xuất bản: 2012

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở

ID: 327339

 Brazil's Gini coefficient rose from 0.57 in 1981 to 0.63 in 1989, before falling back to 0.56 in 2004. Poverty incidence rose from 0.30 in 1981 to 0.33 in 1993, before falling to 0.22 in 2004. This paper presents a preliminary investigation of the determinants of Brazil's distributional reversal over this period. The rise in inequality in the 1980s appears to have been driven by increases in educational attainment in a context of convex returns, and by high and accelerating inflation. Although the secular decline in inequality, which began in 1993, is associated with declining inflation, it also appears to have been driven by four structural and policy changes, namely, declining returns to education
  pronounced rural-urban convergence
  increases in social assistance transfers targeted to the poor
  and a possible decline in racial inequality. Falling inequality has made a substantial contribution to poverty reduction.
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