Who is Most Vulnerable to the Transition Away from Coal? Ruda Śląska Residents' Preferences Towards Jobs and Land Repurposing

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Tác giả: Maddalena Honorati

Ngôn ngữ: eng

Ký hiệu phân loại: 333.33 Transfer of possession and of right to use

Thông tin xuất bản: World Bank, 2023

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Tài liệu truy cập mở

ID: 329158

After Germany, Poland is the EU's second largest coal producer and consumer.1 96 percent of EU-27 hard coal production, or 54.4 million tons, is extracted in Poland (EURACOAL, 2020). In 2020, over 40 percent of the country's total energy supply (TES) and 70 percent of its electricity generation come from coal and lignite (IEA, 2022), the highest rate in Europe. Coal in Poland also continues to employ about 88,000 people directly in the mines, down from about 444,000 in 1989. Europe's commitment to stop its fossil fuel imports from Russia following Russia's invasion of Ukraine is slowing down Poland's coal phase-out to ensure energy security in Europe,2 but Poland remains committed to a complete coal mine closure by 2049.
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