Kiến thức, thái độ về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt của học sinh nữ 10-18 tuổi

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Tác giả: Thị Ngọc Bùi, Thị Tú Quyên Bùi, Minh Thi Lê, Thị Ngân Nguyễn, Đình Hiệp Phan

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y tế Công cộng, 2020

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 330110

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Background: Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is an essential issue in women's and girls' health care. In Vietnam, there is not much research on menstrual hygiene management. The study aims to describe the knowledge and attitude of menstrual hygiene management among 10–18-year-old female students. Methods: a cross-sectional study design, combining quantitative and qualitative methods. Quantitative study was conducted with 494 female students using self administration questionaires. Qualitative study was applied with 7 group discussions with female students and 14 indepth interviews with teachers. The study was conducted in Hanoi and Quang Binh in 2021. Results: the study results showed that about two thirds of students (64.6%) had good knowledge about menstrual hygiene, of which the average knowledge was 40.9% and good was 23.7%. Only 1.6% of primary school students have good knowledge of menstrual hygiene management. Most of students had poor and moderate attitude of menstrual hygiene management (98.2%). The percentage of students who are confident at school when menstruating is very low (1.6%).There were significant differences in knowledge and attitude of menstrual hygiene management by educational level and by areas. Female students also have the notion that the female body during menstruation was 'dirty' and they should follow some negative traditional practices during their period. Conclusion and Recommendations: The study recommends that knowledge and attitude of menstrual hygiene management should be improved among students. The school, teachers and parents focus on building and cleaning school’s toilets, providing enough soap and water, and creating a friendly environment for students at schools.Đặt vấn đề: Quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt là một vấn đề thiết yếu trong chăm sóc sức khỏe phụ nữ và trẻ em gái. Tại Việt Nam, nghiên cứu về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt chưa có nhiều. Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả kiến thức và thái độ về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt của học sinh nữ 10-18 tuổi. Phương pháp: nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang, kết hợp định lượng và định tính. Nghiên cứu định lượng thực hiện trên 494 học sinh nữ. Nghiên cứu định tính thực hiện 7 thảo luận nhóm và 14 phỏng vấn sâu đối với giáo viên và học sinh tại 7 trường của Hà Nội và Quảng Bình năm 2021. Kết quả: nghiên cứu cho thấy gần 2/3 học sinh (64,6%) có kiến thức về vệ sinh kinh nguyệt đạt yêu cầu/hoặc ở mức độ “đạt”, trong đó kiến thức này đạt mức trung bình là 40,9% và tốt là 23,7%. Chỉ có 1,6% học sinh tiểu học có kiến thức tốt về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt. Đa số có thái độ kém hoặc mức trung bình với kinh nguyệt và quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt (98,2%). Tỷ lệ học sinh tự tin ở trường khi có kinh nguyệt là rất thấp (1,6%). Có sự khác biệt về kiến thức, thái độ và mức độ tự tin về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt theo khu vực, dân tộc, và theo cấp học. Học sinh còn có các quan niệm cơ thể phụ nữ khi hành kinh là ‘bẩn’ và cho rằng cần kiêng kị một số hoạt động khi hành kinh tại cộng đồng. Kết luận và Khuyến nghị: Cần nâng cao kiến thức và thái độ của học sinh về quản lý vệ sinh kinh nguyệt, chú trọng đối tượng học sinh tiểu học và học sinh khu vực nông thôn. Nhà trường, thầy cô và phụ huynh chú trọng cải tạo nhà vệ sinh tại trường học và chú ý đảm bảo nước và xà phòng tại nhà vệ sinh của trường, tạo môi trường thân thiện và tăng tự tin cho học sinh nữ khi ở trường.

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