Thực hành về sử dụng hóa chất bảo vệ thực vật của người dân xã Thanh An, huyện Điện Biên, tỉnh Điện Biên, năm 2019

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Tác giả: Thị Diệu Linh Đỗ, Thị Cẩm Anh Đoàn, Thị Hoàng Ngân Nguyễn, Thị Hường Nguyễn, Thị Thảo Nguyễn, Như Nguyên Trần, Khánh Linh Trịnh

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y tế Công cộng, 2020

Mô tả vật lý:

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 330111

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Background: Pesticides are widely used in agricultural production to control pests and diseases and increase crop yield, but if used incorrectly, there will be many consequences. seriously, polluting water sources, residues in agricultural products are toxic to animals, especially to humans. Methodology: A cross-sectional description on 152 people in Thanh An commune, Dien Bien district, Dien Bien province aged 16 years and older, who directly sprayed pesticides in agricultural production. Result: The study subjects are all Thai, with the age group 40-49 years old having the highest share (45.4 per cent), and the group over 60 years old having the lowest (2.0 per cent). The majority of subjects completed lower secondary education (42.1 per cent), only two people have a college/university/intermediate level (1.3 percent), and 10.5 percent are illiterate. The percentage of subjects with successful practice of using pesticides was 67.1%. In the practice of drug selection, 75.0% of subjects did not observe the color line. There were 14.5% of subjects who ate, drank, or smoked while spraying pesticides and 22.1% still hung pesticides next to the house/under the stilts, even one household kept pesticides indoors, 0.8 %. Conclusion: People's practice on pesticide use is still very limited. Localities need to strengthen communication, training, and guide people to use pesticides safely and encourage people to actively seek knowledge, especially about: where to mix chemicals, wash tools, and how to handle chemicals residues, packaging, bottles after spraying.Thông tin chung: Hóa chất bảo vệ thực vật (HCBVTV) được sử dụng rộng rãi trong sản xuất nông nghiệp nhằm diệt trừ sâu, bệnh và tăng năng suất cây trồng, tuy nhiên nếu sử dụng không đúng cách sẽ để lại nhiều hậu quả nghiêm trọng, gây ô nhiễm nguồn nước, dư lượng trong nông sản gây độc các loài động vật, đặc biệt cho con người. Phương pháp: Mô tả cắt ngang trên 152 người dân tại xã Thanh An, huyện Điện Biên, tỉnh Điện Biên từ 16 tuổi trở lên, là người trực tiếp phun HCBVTV khi sản xuất nông nghiệp. Kết quả: 100% đối tượng nghiên cứu là dân tộc Thái, trong đó nhóm tuổi 40 – 49 tuổi chiếm tỷ lệ cao nhất (45,4%), thấp nhất là nhóm trên 60 tuổi (2,0%). Chủ yếu các đối tượng học hết trung học cơ sở (42,1%), chỉ có 2 người có trình độ Trung cấp/Cao đẳng/Đại học (1,3%), đối tượng không biết chữ chiếm 10,5%. Tỷ lệ đối tượng có thực hành đạt về sử dụng HCBVTV là 67,1%. Thực hành lựa chọn thuốc có 25,0% đối tượng quan sát vạch màu. Đa số đối tượng ăn trước khi đi phun HCBVTV (89,5%) và có 73,8% HGĐ bảo quản HCBVTV ở kho chứa nông cụ. Kết luận: Thực hành của người dân về sử dụng HCBVTV còn rất hạn chế. Địa phương cần tăng cường truyền thông, tập huấn, hướng dẫn người dân sử dụng HCBVTV an toàn và khuyến khích người dân chủ động tìm hiểu kiến thức, đặc biệt về: địa điểm pha hóa chất, rửa dụng cụ và cách xử lý hóa chất thừa, vỏ bao bì, chai lọ sau phun.

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