Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm xây dựng hệ thống giám sát và cảnh báo lũ, lụt và hạn hán tích hợp theo thời gian thực trên nền tảng WebGIS

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Tác giả: Huyền Linh Bùi, Hồng Sơn Dương, Anh Đức Nguyễn, Nhật Anh Phạm, Anh Phương Trần, Mạnh Cường Trần, Thùy Nhung Trần, Văn Trà Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khí tượng Thủy văn, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.314-324

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 330241

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Recently, with advances in science and technology, real-time water monitoring and early warning have made a great progress. In this paper, a flood and drought warning system developed by the Water Resources Institute is introduced. The system consists of three main components, namely, a monitoring system, a real-time data processing and flood and drought forecast system and a WebGIS-based website that provides monitoring and forecasting information for public interests. The inputs of the forecasting system include measured rainfall, real-time observed water level and forecasting rain data from the global weather forecast model. The output of this system is forecasting flood and inundation information as well as warning messages for decision makers in emergency cases of flooding. The drought monitoring system provides drought information using the following indicators: Standard Precipitation Index (SPI), Soil Moisture Deficiency Index (SWDI) and Reservoir Water Level Index (RWLI). While the data for the SPI and SWDI estimatation are obtained from open-source global data, the RWLI is derived from observations at the reservoirs. The system is developed on the WebGIS platform with a user-friendly interface, which provides monitoring and forecasting information to users in an intuitive way, contributing to flood and drought damage mitigation.Trong những năm gần đây, với sự phát triển của khoa học công nghệ, các công nghệ giám sát và cảnh báo tài nguyên nước theo thời gian thực đã có những bước phát triển vượt bậc. Trong bài báo này, hệ thống cảnh báo lũ, lụt và hạn hán được phát triển bởi Viện Khoa học tài nguyên nước được giới thiệu. Trong đó, hệ thống cảnh báo lũ, lụt bao gồm 3 thành phần chính: 1) Hệ thống quan trắc và giám sát, 2) Hệ thống lưu trữ, xử lý thông tin và dự báo, 3) Hệ thống cung cấp thông tin và hỗ trợ ứng phó khẩn cấp. Đầu vào của hệ thống này là các số liệu mưa, mực nước quan trắc theo thời gian thực và số liệu mưa dự báo từ mô hình dự báo thời tiết toàn cầu. Đầu ra của hệ thống là các thông tin dự báo về mực nước và ngập lụt cũng như các thông tin cảnh báo, hỗ trợ ứng phó khẩn cấp với lũ, ngập lụt. Hệ thống giám sát hạn hán cung cấp các thông tin hạn hán sử dụng các chỉ số: 1) Chỉ số hạn lượng mưa chuẩn hóa SPI, 2) Chỉ số thiếu hụt độ ẩm SWDI và 3) Chỉ số mực nước hồ chứa. Trong khi số liệu phục vụ tính toán các chỉ số SPI và SWDI được lấy từ các nguồn dữ liệu toàn cầu, dữ liệu hồ chứa là dữ liệu thời gian thực đo đạc trực tiếp tại các hồ chứa. Hệ thống được phát triển trên nền tảng WebGIS với giao diện thân thiện, cung cấp các thông tin tới người dùng một cách trực quan, góp phần giảm nhẹ thiệt hại do lũ, lụt và hạn hán gây ra.

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