Một số đặc điểm của bệnh dịch tả heo Châu Phi qua khảo sát diễn biến ở các ổ dịch

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Tác giả: Tiến Duy Đỗ, Công Danh Lại, Chế Thanh Nguyễn, Quỳnh Như Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học kỹ thuật Thú y, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.21

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 330507

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Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này là bước đầu khảo sát sự hiện diện của virus gây bệnh dịch tả heo châu Phi (ASFV) và một số đặc điểm của bệnh tại các ổ dịch thực địa ở một số tỉnh/thành phía Nam. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy tỷ lệ mắc bệnh tích luỹ 50% trong quần thể khảo sát ở trại heo nái 1- hở (màng ăn chung) là ở ngày thứ 4, trong khi đó ở trại heo nái 2- kín (máng ăn riêng cho từng cá thể) là ở ngày thứ 16 sau khi phát dịch. Trại heo thịt có tỷ lệ mắc bệnh tích luỹ 50% vào ngày 15 đến ngày 18 sau khi phát dịch. Tốc độ lây lan dịch bệnh có sự khác biệt giữa kiểu trại và nhóm heo khảo sát, nhưng có chung một đặc điểm là thời gian phát sinh số lượng heo mắc bệnh trong tuần đầu ở các ổ dịch là khá chậm rồi sau đó số lượng heo mắc bệnh tăng nhanh ở tuần thứ 2 và 3. Dấu hiệu lâmsàng ở hai nhómheo nái và heo thịtmắc bệnh là bỏ ăn,suy sụp (100%)
tiếp đến là xuất huyết và tím tái ở heo thịt (93,42%), nhưng những dấu hiệu này ở heo nái là thấp hơn đáng kể (3,17%) (P<
0,05). Ói mửa là dấu hiệu xuất hiện với tỷ lệ thấp (0% ở heo thịt
11,90% ở heo nái). Đặc biệt 82,54% heo nái tử vong khi chỉ mới xuất hiện dấu hiệu chung (bỏ ăn và suy sụp). Mức độ và tỷ lệ xuất hiệnbệnh tích đại thể ở cơ quan nội tạng có sự giống nhau giữa heo nái và heo thịt.The objective of this study aimed at initially investigating the presence of African swine fever virus (ASFV) and some characteristics of the disease in the field outbreaks in some southern provinces. The studied result showed that the rate of 50% cumulative morbidity in the pig population in the sow farm.1 - open system (common feeding trough) was at the day 4th, meanwhile in the sow farm. 2 - close-system (individual feeding trough) was at the day 16th after appearing the outbreak. In the pig farms for pork, the rate of 50% cumulative morbidity was at the day 15th to the day 18th after appearing the outbreak. The rate of epidemic transmission was different among the farm types and the age groups of pigs, but the common point was that the time of appearing the number of the infected pigs in the first week of the outbreaks was rather slow, after that the number of the infected pigs was increased rapidly in the second and third weeks. The clinical signs of the disease in sows and fattening pigs were loss appetite, depression (100%)
followed by hemorrhage and cyanosis in the fattening pigs (93.42%) but these signs in the sows were significantly lower (3.17%) (P<
0.05). Vomiting occurred with the low rate (0% in the finisher pigs, 11.90% in the sows). 82.54% of the sows were died just after appearing the common clinical signs (stop eating and depression). The rate of appearing gross lesions in visceral organs were similar between the sows and the finisher pigs.

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