KHẢO SÁT HIỆN TRẠNG VÙNG NUÔI VÀ CHẤT LƯỢNG NGUỒN NƯỚC NUÔI TÔM THÂM CANH TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN TỈNH BẠC LIÊU

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Tác giả: Hồ Phương Thảo Đặng

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Tài nguyên và Môi trường, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.122-132

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 331947

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Nghiên cứu này được tiến hành nhằm khảo sát hiện trạng vùng nuôi và đánh giá chất lượng nguồn nước nuôi tôm thâm canh trên địa bàn tỉnh Bạc Liêu. Tổng cộng 50 cơ sở nuôi tôm thâm canh ở địa phương được chọn để khảo sát hiện trạng nuôi tôm và công tác bảo vệ môi trường. Đồng thời, nghiên cứu tiến hành lấy mẫu nước mặt kênh, rạch tại 18 vị trí gần các vùng nuôi tập trung để đánh giá chất lượng nguồn nước. Kết quả phân tích được so sánh với Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật Quốc gia về cơ sở nuôi tôm nước lợ (QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT), thông tư 45:2010/TT-BNNPTNT Quy định điều kiện cơ sở, vùng nuôi tôm sú, tôm chân trắng thâm canh đảm bảo an toàn vệ sinh thực phẩm và Quy chuẩn kỹ thuật Quốc gia về chất lượng nước mặt (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT). Từ các kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy, 100% cơ sở (50/50) xử lý nước cấp trước khi cho vào ao nuôi. Tuy nhiên, chỉ có 18% cơ sở (9/50) có xử lý nước thải. Về thực trạng chất lượng nước, thông số pH và DO của các mẫu lấy về phân tích đều đảm bảo trong giới hạn cho phép. Tuy nhiên, một số vị trí có các chỉ tiêu TSS, BOD5, NH3 và Coliform không đạt quy chuẩn so với QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT, Thông tư 45:2010/BNNPTNT và QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT. Nguồn nước ô nhiễm này nếu sử dụng trực tiếp để nuôi tôm mà không qua xử lý có thể gây ô nhiễm ao nuôi, thậm chí có thể lan truyền các mầm bệnh, do đó cần có biện pháp xử lý thích hợp.This study survey on shrimp raising situation and evaluate for the surface water sources quality at intensive shrimp raising farming areas in Bac Lieu province. Using onsite questionaire survey, there is 50 shrimp raising was choose for shrimp raising current status. At the same time, the study carried out sampling of surface water at 18 locations near concentrated farming areas to assess the quality of water. The results were compared with the National technical regulation On blackish water shrimp culture farm (QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT) and National technical regulation on surface water quality (QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT). The results show that 100% of farmers (50/50) treated water before putting into the shrimp pond. But only 18% of farmers (9/50) operate the wastewater treatment unit. The results suggested that the water sources at the monitoring sites have parameters such as TSS, BOD5, NH3 and Coliform which was not good as required in Vietnamese standards of QCVN 02-19:2014/BNNPTNT, Circular 45: 2010 /BNNPTNT and of QCVN 08-MT:2015/BTNMT, but except parameters of pH and DO. In case of get in this polluted water source into shrimp farming would damage the shrimp life. So that it need pay more attention to treat in suitable way this polluted surface water source.

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