KHỞI ĐẦU CỦA CHAMPA: CÓ MỘT VƯƠNG QUỐC TÂY ĐỒ (西屠國) ỞTHUNG LŨNG SÔNG THU BỒN KHÔNG?

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Tác giả: Van Thang Vo

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Xã hội, Nhân văn và Giáo dục, 2020

Mô tả vật lý: tr.27-34

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 332207

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Có một giả thuyết về nguồn gốc của Champa (Campā) cho rằng vào khoảng thế kỷ 3 sau công nguyên có một vương quốc Tây Đồ ở vùng thung lũng sông Thu Bồn (tỉnh Quảng Nam ngày nay)
đến cuối thế kỷ 6, vương quốc này đã thu phục vương quốc Lâm Ấp và làm nên vương quốc Champa. Ngược lại, dựa trên các chứng cứ khảo cổ học vàlịch sử, bài viết này cho rằng không hề có một vương quốc Tây Đồ ở thung lũng Thu Bồn vào thế kỷ 6. Các tư liệu cho biết từ đầu thế kỷ 4, Lâm Ấp đã thu phục nhiều vương quốc lân cận, trong đó có thể có cả Tây Đồ. Champa, hoặc Campā, là một danh xưng tiếngSanskrit được tầng lớp cai trị của Lâm Ấp sử dụng để đặt tên cho đất nước của họ (Lâm Ấp là tên gọi được ghi trong các tài liệu lịch sử của Trung Hoa). Thảo luận về sự tồn tại của Tây Đồ là nhằm làm rõ về sự ra đời của một chính thể chịu ảnh hưởng Ấn Độ ở vùng ven biển Đông Dương, được biết đến với tên gọi Champa. Xác định cái nôi ra đời của Champa là vùng lãnh thổ từng được gọi là Lâm Ấp sẽ góp phần hiểu rõ hơn về sự phát triển của vương quốc Champa trong bối cảnh địa lý và lịch sử đặc thù của nó. Với cách hiểu này, tác giả mong muốn chia sẻ ý kiến về một vấn đề hiện được xem là "một điểm then chốt trong sử học về Champa" (Taylor, 2021, 581).There is a theory that explains the origins of Campā (Champa) by rendering a paradigm in which a kingdom referred to as Xi-Tu emerged in the Thu Bồn valley (a part of Quảng Nam Province today in central Việt Nam) around the 3rd century CE, and then absorbed the Lin-Yi kingdom by the end of the 6th century, resulting in what today is known as Champa. In contrast to this assumption, this paper uses both historical and archeological evidence to show that there was, in fact, no such a kingdom in the Thu Bồn valley in the 6th century. Instead, the evidence shows that from the beginning of the 4th century Lin-Yi conquered many small neighbouring kingdoms, including Xi-Tu (if it in fact existed). Champa, or Campā, was the Sanskrit name used by the ruling class of the Kingdom of Lin-Yi to refer to their territory (Lin-Yi is the name derived from Chinese historical documents). The discussions concerning the existence of Xi-Tu aim to clarify the nature of the birth of the polity with Indic influences located on the coast of Indochina,known as Champa. Determining the cradle of Champa, once known to be in the territory of Lin- Yi, could lead to a better understanding of the growth of this kingdom, with its unique historical and geographical background. With this in mind, the author would like to share his views on the issue, currently regarded as "a critical point in the historiography of Champa" (Taylor, 2021, 581).

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