Human resources are crucial for a country, playing a decisive role in the development of society. Being aware of the position and role of human resources in the cause of building and defending the country, Vietnam has always paid attention to the development of human resources in general and the contingent of scientific researchers in particular. The Government has formulated and promulgated many policies on the recruitment of, attraction towards, and employment, training, retraining, and honouring of scientific researchers. Vietnam’s policies towards scientific researchers, however, remain limited, while not encouraging and motivating them to concentrate on the research.