Chế tạo màng trao đổi cation polyvinyl alcohol/sulfosuccinic acid/glutaric anhydride ứng dụng cho quá trình khử mặn bằng công nghệ điện dung khử ion kết hợp màng trao đổi ion

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Tác giả: Hoàng Long Ngô, Ngân Tuấn Nguyễn, Thanh Tùng Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Nguyễn Tất Thành, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.26

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 335803

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Nowadays, the lack of clean water is becoming a serious problem, due to the increasing demand for clean water, along with global climate change. Desalination of sea water or brackish water has been considered as a practicable method to supply clean water. Among desalination technologies, membrane capacitive deionization has emerged for the last 15 years as an alternative method and received a lot of research attention since then. In this study, low-cost and ecofriendly polyvinyl alcohol/sulfosuccinic acid/glutaric anhydride composite membranes were fabricated through the crosslinking reaction of sulfosuccinic acid and glutaric anhydride with polyvinyl alcohol. The effect of sulfosuccinic acid and glutaric anhydride content was investigated. The presence of SSA in the cation exchange membrane, which was proven by FT-IR, helps improve its water uptake (98.5 % compared to 38.2 %) as well as cation exchange capacity (1.993 mM/g compared to 0.156 mM/g). The polyvinyl alcohol/sulfosuccinic acid/glutaric anhydride composite solution was coated on the electrode, and the membrane's ability to desalinate water was assessed. The membrane-coated electrode exhibited enhanced salt adsorption capacity and shorter desalination time (13.4 minutes compared to 85.3 minutes) in comparison with the uncoated commercial electrode, indicating that the polyvinyl alcohol/sulfosuccinic acid/glutaric anhydride membrane is a suitable candidate to be utilized in the membrane capacitive deionization systems.Vấn đề thiếu nước sạch sinh hoạt hiện nay đang ngày càng trở nên nghiêm trọng, do nhu cầu sử dụng nước ngày càng tăng cùng với tác động của biến đổi khí hậu toàn cầu. Trước tình hình này, việc khử mặn các nguồn nước biển hay nước lợ được xem như một giải pháp khả thi. Công nghệ điện dung khử ion kết hợp màng trao đổi ion (MCDI) đã nhận được nhiều sự quan tâm trong vòng 15 năm qua, do có nhiều ưu điểm hơn so với các công nghệ khử mặn truyền thống như thẩm thấu ngược (RO) hay công nghệ điện thẩm tách (ED), bằng cách sử dụng một điện thế áp vào giữa hai điện cực được phủ màng trao đổi ion. Nghiên cứu này đã thành công trong việc chế tạo màng composite PVA/SSA/GA, một loại màng trao đổi cation rẻ tiền và thân thiện với môi trường, bằng phản ứng khâu mạng giữa sulfosuccinic acid (SSA) và glutaric anhydride (GA) với polyvinyl alcohol (PVA). Qua việc khảo sát ảnh hưởng của hàm lượng SSA và GA trong màng, ta thấy rằng sự có mặt của SSA trong màng trao đổi cation giúp cải thiện độ trương nở của màng (98,5 % so với 38,2 %), đồng thời tăng cường khả năng trao đổi cation (1,993 mM/g so với 0,156 mM/g). Bằng việc khảo sát khả năng khử mặn của điện cực có phủ hỗn hợp composite PVA/SSA/GA, ta thấy được việc sử dụng điện cực có phủ màng trao đổi cation giúp tăng cường hiệu quả hấp phụ muối và giảm thời gian khử muối (13,4 phút so với 85,3 phút) khi so sánh với điện cực không có phủ màng, chứng tỏ rằng màng composite PVA/SSA/GA là một ứng cử viên sáng giá có thể được áp dụng vào công nghệ MCDI.

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