Giảm độc tố Cd trong đất ô nhiễm bởi vật liệu chi phí rẻ từ phụ phẩm nông nghiệp

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Tác giả: Thị Lan Phương Đinh, Phan Việt Nguyễn, Thị Thư Phạm, Thị Khắc Vũ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Kỹ thuật Thủy lợi và Môi trường, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.56

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 336320

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Nghiên cứu thử nghiệm với rau ăn lá, rơm rạ ủ với chế phẩm vi sinh sau 40 ngày, trấu được đốt yếm khí ở 400 - 450 oC trong 02 giờ. Mục đích làm rõ sự tích lũy Cd trong rau ăn lá (rễ, thân, lá già, lá non) và cố định Cd di động (DĐ) trong đất ô nhiễm bởi rơm ủ vi sinh tricodenma và than sinh học (TSH). Đất ô nhiễm (Cd tổng số 5,013 ppm, Cd DĐ 0,048 ppm) được trộn với TSH và rơm ủ theo các tỉ lệ 1,25%, 2,5%, 5% về khối lượng. Đối chứng (ĐC) là đất ô nhiễm Cd không phối trộn vật liệu. Kết quả cho thấy rau mồng tơi hấp thụ tới 47,91% Cd DĐ trong đất ô nhiễm. Sự tích lũy Cd theo thứ tự: rễ >
lá già >
lá non, trong đó thân lá thấp hơn 1,44 – 1,51 lần so với rễ, các lá già cao hơn 1,19 - 1,23 lần so với các lá non. Kết quả xử lý Cd DĐ trong đất bởi rơm ủ giảm 1,63 - 3,99 lần so với ĐC. TSH cho hiệu quả xử lý Cd DĐ giảm 2,12 – 10,19 lần so với ĐC, và hiệu quả gấp 1,3 – 2,55 lần so với rơm ủ cùng tỉ lệ. Trong nghiên cứu này, tỉ lệ TSH 5% cho kết quả tối ưu giảm 97,49% Cd DĐ so với ĐC.The study was conducted with purpose of accumulation evaluation of Cd in vegetables and the immobilization ability of available Cd in contaminated soil by compost straw and biochar. Contaminated soil with total Cd content of 5.013 ppm, available Cd content of 0.048 ppm was mixed with biochar and compost straw by proportions including 1.25%, 2.5%, 5% (w:w). The control formular (CF) is Cd contaminated soil without treatment materials. Experimental results show that vegetables can absorb up to 47.91% of available Cd. The accumulation of Cd in vegetables is in the order: roots >
old leaves >
young leaves. In addition, Cd content in leaf stems is lower from 1.44 - 1.51 times than roots, and Cd content old leaves is higher from 1.19 - 1.23 times than young leaves. The results of available Cd treatment by composted straw decrease from 1.63 - 3.99 times compared to the CF. Biochar with available Cd treatment efficiency is higher from 1.3 - 2.55 times than the compost straw at the same rate, and available Cd content reduces from 2.12 - 10.19 times compared to the CF. In which, the ratio of biochar 5% can contribute to optimal control with reducing 97.49% of available Cd

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