Tuân thủ điều trị của bệnh nhân lao tiềm ẩn được phát hiện trong chương trình sàng lọc chủ động tại tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2021 và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng

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Tác giả: Thị Kim Oanh Lưu, Văn Nhất Thân

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Nghiên cứu Sức khỏe và Phát triển, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.90-97

Bộ sưu tập: Báo, Tạp chí

ID: 336965

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu nhằm mô tả việc tuân thủ điều trị (TTĐT) và phân tích một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến TTĐT của bệnh nhân lao tiềm ẩn (LTA) được phát hiện trong chương trình sàng lọc chủ động tại tỉnh Bắc Giang năm 2021. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế mô tả cắt ngang kết hợp nghiên cứu định lượng và định tính được tiến hành qua phát vấn 57 bệnh nhân LTA thông qua bộ câu hỏi được thiết kế sẵn, 16 cuộc phỏng vấn sâu các đối tượng là 04 cán bộ điều trị và chuyên trách lao từ tuyến tỉnh đến tuyến xã, 12 bệnh nhân LTA tham gia điều trị dựa theo hướng dẫn phỏng vấn sâu từ tháng 1 đến hết tháng 4 năm 2021. Kết quả: Tỷ lệ TTĐT của bệnh nhân LTA là 43,9%. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng tích cực đến TTĐT là sự hỗ trợ về thuốc, xét nghiệm của chương trình chống lao quốc gia
sự tư vấn, hướng dẫn của cán bộ y tế
sự hỗ trợ từ gia đình. Các yếu tố ảnh hưởng chưa tích cực đến TTĐT là: nhận thức của người bệnh trong TTĐT còn hạn chế, lạm dụng rượu bia
công việc bận rộn
kiến thức của người bệnh chưa đầy đủ
thiếu giám sát từ cán bộ y tế
khoảng cách từ nhà đến cơ sở y tế xa
phản ứng bất lợi và thời gian sử dụng thuốc kéo dài
sự kỳ thị từ những người xung quanh. Kết luận: Đối với các cơ sở y tế điều trị cho bệnh nhân LTA: Tổ chức tư vấn, giáo dục cho bệnh nhân về các nguyên tắc điều trị bệnh lao tiềm ẩn và tầm quan trọng của việc tuân thủ các nguyên tắc này
Tổ chức tư vấn cho người nhà người bệnh về bệnh lao tiềm ẩn, phối hợp với gia đình người bệnh trong công tác giám sát điều trị
Đào tạo và đào tạo lại cho cán bộ y tế về quản lý, điều trị lao tiểm ẩn. Đối với các nghiên cứu sau này cần tìm hiểu, phân tích sâu hơn các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc TTĐT và việc tham gia điều trị của bệnh nhân LTA.Objective: The study aims to describe the treatment adherence and analyze some factors aﬀecting the treatment adherence of latent TB patients detected in the active screening program in Bac Giang province in 2021. Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive design combining quantitative and qualitative research was conducted through interviews with 57 latent TB patients, 16 indepth interviews from January to the end of April 2021. Main findings: The rate of adherence to treatment of latent TB patients was 43,9%. The factors that positively aﬀect treatment adherence are the support of drugs and testing of the national anti-tuberculosis program
the advice and guidance of medical staﬀ
family support. Factors that have not positively aﬀected adherence to treatment are: poor awareness of patients in treatment adherence, alcohol abuse
busy work
the patient’s knowledge about latent TB is incomplete
lack of supervision from medical staﬀ
the distance from home to a far away medical facility
adverse reactions and prolonged use of the drug
stigma from people around. Conclusions: For medical facilities that treat latent TB patients: Provide counseling and education to patients about the principles of latent TB treatment and the importance of following these principles
Organize counseling for the patient’s family about latent tuberculosis, coordinate with the patient’s family in monitoring and treatment
Training and retraining for health workers on management and treatment of latent TB. For future studies, it is necessary to study and analyze the factors aﬀecting the treatment adherence and treatment participation of latent TB patients.

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