Thực trạng quản lý chất thải rắn y tế và một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng tại viện Y Dược học Dân Tộc thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2020

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Tác giả: Duy Tiến Nguyễn, Tuấn Ngọc Võ

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Nghiên cứu Sức khỏe và Phát triển, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.86-92

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 337107

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Mục tiêu: Nghiên cứu được thực hiện nhằm mô tả thực trạng và phân tích một số yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến quản lý chất thải rắn y tế (CTRYT) tại Viện Y dược học dân tộc thành phố Hồ Chí Minh năm 2020. Phương pháp nghiên cứu: Thiết kế nghiên cứu mô tả cắt ngang có phân tích, kết hợp nghiên cứu định lượng và định tính. Nghiên cứu định lượng được thực hiện thông qua tất cả cơ sở vật chất trang thiết bị và các loại hồ sơ CTRYT trong bệnh viện. Nghiên cứu định tính được thu thập qua 04 cuộc phỏng vấn sâu và 03 cuộc thảo luận nhóm với đại diện lãnh đạo, đại diện các khoa/phòng. Kết quả: Phân loại CTRYT nguy hai tại nguồn có tỉ lệ cao nhất đạt 90%. Thấp nhất là nội dung các vỏ ống nước cất, chai lọ thủy tinh được đựng vào thùng giấy cứng kháng thủng đạt 74,6%.
Tỷ lệ các CTRYT không thu gom chung với nhau 92.3% đạt tỷ lệ cao nhất, tiếp đến là các túi chứa CTRYT phải được cột chặt, không lòi chất thải rơi vãi ra ngoài có tỷ lệ đạt 85,3%. Tỷ lệ túi chứa chất thải khi thu gom phải được để riêng, không thu gom chung với nhau vào một thùng theo qui định chỉ đạt tỷ lệ thấp 40%
CTRYT được vận chuyển theo quy định đạt 92,3%
CTRYT được lưu giữ tạm thời đúng quy định đều đạt 93,7%. Viện có 04 nhà kho chứa CTRYT tuân thủ đầy đủ các quy định về công tác quản lý chất thải rắn y tế, không đạt về diện tích kho theo quy định. Tuy nhiên Viện vẫn còn tồn tại một số nội dung: Công tác kiểm tra, giám sát có thực hiện nhưng chưa thường xuyên nên hiệu quả chưa cao, có đầu tư trang thiết bị nhưng chưa đủ cần trang bị thêm. Kết luận: Cần kết hợp công nghệ thông tin trong hỗ trợ các vấn đề liên quan đến quản lý chất thải rắn y tế, cần tăng cường công tác kiểm tra, giám sát, nhằm nâng cao công tác quản lý chất thải rắn y tế.Objectives: This study has two objectives as the follows: to describe the management situation medical solid waste management and some factors affecting of solid medical waste management at the Traditional Medicine Institute Ho Chi Minh City by 2020. Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study, combining quantitative and qualitative method. medical solid waste storage tanks, medical solid waste transportation vehicles, medical solid waste storage area at 13 clinical and subclinical with 130 times of classifying and collecting, 52 times of transporting, 16 times of storage and 13 times returning to medical equipment. Information gathered through 4 in-depth interviews with 4 leaders of the Institute, department, department and 3 group discussions. Qualitative data was collected from 04 in-dept interviews and 03 focus groups discussion. Main findings: The research results show: sorting of medical solid waste at source and non-communicable hazardous medical solid waste must be put into a black bag / bin reaching=90%
in the stage of medical solid waste collection: the content of not collecting medical solid waste together reaches 92.3%
medical solid waste is transported according to the prescribed road, reaching 92.3%
Medical solid waste content that does not contain the same barrels and in solid medical waste warehouses must have a centralized waste container with a lid in accordance with regulations, all reaching 93.7%. The Institute has 4 medical solid waste warehouses that fully comply with the regulations on the management of medical solid waste, only not meeting the warehouse area.

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