Retaining and managing talented employees are extremely meaningful efforts for organizations to ensure their competitive advantage. In Vietnam, more and more women have been holding important roles in national and foreign companies. However, Vietnamese women must also balance the quality of their roles as wives and mothers. This creates psychological pressure and causes difficulties for married working women. This paper aims to examine the factors affecting academic burnout and job performance of married working women. Using data collected from 343 respondents, we found that academic burnout was inversely related to core self-evaluation and positively related with work-family conflict (and family-work conflict), whereas job performance was directly proportional to core self- evaluation and inversely proportional to work-family conflict (and family-work conflict). The findings suggested that married working women need an optimistic self-view to deal with conflicts between job and family more easily, and to reduce academic burnout, and improve job performance.