Based on secondary data collected from the General Statistics Office of Viet Nam, this article pre- sents the actual situation of Vietnamese agricultural sector about the contribution of agriculture to the economic growth and GDP of Vietnam, the export value of the agricultural sector in total export value of Vietnam, the labor productivity of the agricultural sector and investment in the agricultural sector. Besides many achievements, the agricultural sector is currently facing challenging issues: (a) labor productivity is still low, (b) the use of funds is inefficient although the capital investment in agriculture has increased rapidly over the years, (c) the growth rate of agricultural sector is still low due to small- scale production, (e) disease issues, sanitary and phytosanitary safety, (f) food safety, and (g) environ- mental pollution from cultivation and livestock farming have not been strictly controlled. From these facts, this article proposes recommendations which can limit the problems and develop the agricultural sector in the future.