Tỷ lệ chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin COVID-19 trong sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe tại Việt Nam năm 2021

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Tác giả: Brian Vu, Dinh Thi Thu Trang, Minh Duc Duong, Thanh Dat Ha, Thach Thao Nguyen, Thi Thanh Nhiem Nguyen, Thi Thuy Lieu Nguyen, Thu Thuong Nguyen, Van Bac Nguyen, Nguyen Huyen Trang Ong, Quoc Thanh Pham, Hoang Ngan Phan, Thị Tuyet Hanh Tran, Van Dat Truong

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học Nghiên cứu Sức khỏe và Phát triển, 2022

Mô tả vật lý: tr.19-28

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 338296

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Mục tiêu: Sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe (HSS) nằm trong nhóm những người cung cấp dịch vụ chăm sóc sức khỏe tuyến đầu có khả năng tiếp xúc với SARS-CoV-2 khi làm việc với những bệnh nhân bị nhiễm bệnh. Với vắc-xin là một trong những giải pháp quan trọng nhất để ngăn chặn đại dịch, tỷ lệ tiêm chủng COVID-19 cao phải đạt được trong nhóm này ngay khi có vắc-xin. Nghiên cứu này nhằm đánh giá tỷ lệ chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin COVID-19 và các yếu tố liên quan trong số sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe tại Việt Nam. Phương pháp: Đây là một nghiên cứu cắt ngang, khảo sát trực tuyến 8873 sinh viên tại sáu trường đại học khoa học sức khỏe tại Việt Nam, theo khuôn khổ Mô hình niềm tin sức khỏe (HBM). Kết quả: Trong nghiên cứu này, 84,3% học sinh chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin COVID-19, 14,7% học sinh chưa quyết định tiêm vắc-xin và 1% học sinh không chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin. Các yếu tố quyết định việc chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin COVID-19 bao gồm năm học, tình trạng sức khỏe tự báo cáo, tiền sử dị ứng, khả năng dễ bị rủi ro nhận thức và các yếu tố của mô hình HBM bao gồm các lợi ích được nhận thức và các tín hiệu hành động (p <
0,01). Ngược lại, các rào cản được nhận thức có mối liên hệ tiêu cực với khả năng chấp nhận vắc-xin (p <
0,01). Những kết quả này nên được sử dụng làm bằng chứng khoa học để hỗ trợ việc phát triển các chiến lược lập kế hoạch nhằm tối ưu hóa việc tiếp nhận và thành công của các chiến dịch tiêm vắc-xin cho cả sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe và dân số nói chung. Kết luận: Sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe tham gia nghiên cứu có tỷ lệ chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin COVID-19 cao. Khung lý thuyết đã công nhận các yếu tố ảnh hưởng đến việc chấp nhận tiêm vắc-xin. Đây được xem là bằng chứng cho việc phát triển các chiến lược lập kế hoạch để tối ưu hóa việc tiếp nhận tiêm vắc-xin và mang lại thành công trong các chiến dịch tiêm vắc-xin cho cả sinh viên khoa học sức khỏe và dân số nói chung.Objective: Health science students (HSS) are among the group of frontline healthcare providers who are likely to be exposed to SARS-CoV-2 by working with infected patients. With vaccines being one of the most crucial solutions to stop the pandemic, high COVID-19 vaccination coverage must be achieved in this group as soon as the vaccines are available. This research aimed to assess the COVID-19 vaccination acceptance rate and its associated factors among health science students in Vietnam. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, which surveyed online 8873 students in six health science universities in Vietnam, following the Health Belief Model (HBM) framework. Results: In this study, 84.3% of students accepting the COVID-19 vaccines, 14.7% of students being undecided for vaccination, and 1% of students not accepting vaccination. Determinants of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance included their school year, self-reported health status, allergy histories, susceptibility in risk perception, and factors of the HBM model included perceived benefts and cues to action (p <
0.01). In contrast, perceived barriers had a negative association with the probability of vaccine acceptance (p <
0.01). These results should be used as scientifc evidence to support the development of planning strategies to optimize vaccination uptake and success in vaccination campaigns for both health science students and the general population. Conclusion: Health science students participating in the study had a high rate of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance. The theoretical framework recognized factors that inﬂuence vaccine acceptance. These are considered evidence for the development of planning strategies to optimize the vaccination uptake and oﬀer success in vaccination campaigns for both health science students and the general population.

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