Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng viêm tai ngoài ở vận động viên bơi lội

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Tác giả: Nam Hà Nguyễn, Minh Dũng Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Y Dược học Phạm Ngọc Thạch, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.172

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 339324

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- Đặt vấn đề: Khảo sát đặc điểm lâm sàng, cận lâm sàng viêm tai ngoài, tỉ lệ viêm tai ngoài và các yếu tố liên quan ở vận động viên bơi lội. - Đối tượng và phương pháp nghiên cứu: 340 vận động viên bơi lội tại 4 trung tâm chính của Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Phương pháp nghiên cứu cắt ngang mô tả.- Kết quả: Bệnh gặp ở hai giới (tỉ lệ nam: nữ là 1:1). Lâm sàng: ngứa tai (75%), ù tai (48,8%), chảy nước tai (21,4%), đau tai (4,8%). Nội soi tai: ống tai ngoài có vảy (95,1%), da khô (86,4%), sợi nấm (8,6%). Phân lập vi sinh vật: viêm tai ngoài: nấm (60,5%), vi khuẩn (15,1%), nấm và vi khuẩn (12,8%). Không viêm: 64,6% xét nghiệm nấm dương tính. Định danh nấm: viêm tai ngoài: A.niger (20,6%), C.albicans (19,0%), Penicillium sp. (17,5%). Không viêm: A. niger (32,1%), Penicillium sp. (19,8%), C. parapsilosis (13,6%). Tỉ lệ viêm tai ngoài ở vận động viên bơi lội là 24,7% (cấp: 1,2%, mạn: 23,5%, 17,3% cần điều trị). Yếu tố liên quan: tỉ lệ viêm tai ngoài tăng dần theo tuổi, thời gian dưới nước, tần suất bơi, số năm tham gia bơi lội.- Kết luận: Vận động viên bơi lội dễ bị mắc bệnh viêm tai ngoài hơn người ít bơi lội. Các triệu chứng của viêm tai ngoài mạn thường không gây khó chịu nhiều như viêm tai ngoài cấp nên dễ bị bỏ sót. Cần khám và điều trị kịp thời bệnh lý viêm tai ngoài, cũng như hướng dẫn phòng ngừa bệnh cho vận động viên bơi lội.Abstract- Introduction: The aim of this study is to document the clinical and laboratory characteristics, prevalence and associated factors of otitis externa in competitive swimmers. - Materials and methods: This is a descriptive cross - sectional study performed in 340 swimmers who is trained at four main centers of Ho Chi Minh City.- Results: Maleto female ratio was 1:1. Clinicalsigns and symptoms: itchy ears (75%), tinnitus (48.8%), discharge (21.4%), earache (4.8%), debris (95.1%), dry skin (86.4%), fungi (8.6%). Isolated microorganisms: Inflammatory ears: fungi (60.5%), bacteria (15.1%), both fungi and bacteria (12.8%). Non - inflammatory ears: fungi (64.6%). Identification of fungi: Inflammatory ears: A. niger (20.6%), C. albicans (19.0%), Penicillium sp. (17.5%). Non - inflammatory: A. niger (32.1%), Penicillium sp. (19.8%), C. parapsilosis (13.6%). The prevalence of otitis externa in the swimmers was 24.7% (acute: 1.2%, chronic: 23.5%, requiring treatment 17.3%). Predisposed factors of otitis externa in swimmers included: increase by age, length of time in the water, frequency of swimming, and years of swimming.- Conclusion: Swimmersare more susceptible to otitis externathan those who rarely swim. Symptoms of chronic otitis externa are usually not as discomfort as acute otitis externa, so they are easilymissed. It is necessary to promptly examine and treat otitis externa, as well as educate swimmers how to prevent it. DOI: 10.59715/pntjmp.1.2.20

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