THỰC TRẠNG SỬ DỤNG THUỐC BẢO VỆ THỰC VẬT SINH HỌC TRONG SẢN XUẤT RAU TRÊN ĐỊA BÀN HUYỆN HOẰNG HÓA, TỈNH THANH HÓA

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Tác giả: Thành Luân Mai, Thị Mai Nguyễn

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học - Trường Đại học Hồng Đức, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.92

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 339521

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Kết quả điều tra 90 hộ nông dân trồng rau tại xã Hoằng Hợp và Hoằng Trinh, huyệnHoằng Hóa cho thấy có trên 85% nông dân đã từng biết và sử dụng thuốc bảo vệ thực vật(BVTV) sinh học, trong đó có đến 90% số hộ đã sử dụng thuốc trừ sâu sinh học vào cuối vụ.Tuy nhiên, xét theo tỷ lệ về số lượng mới có 33,33% (16/48 sản phẩm), đặc biệt là về khốilượng thuốc sử dụng mới chỉ có 8,17% khối lượng thuốc BVTV sinh học được sử dụng trongsản xuất rau trên địa bàn huyện Hoằng Hóa. Nguyên nhân của vấn đề này là do giá thànhcao, hiệu lực của thuốc còn thấp, tác động chậm, khả năng dập dịch thấp, nhận thức củamột bộ phận nông dân còn hạn chế, đồng thời chưa có sự khuyến cáo đồng bộ giữa cơ quanquản lý các cấp với các công ty cung ứng. Vì vậy, để khuyến khích người sản xuất tăngcường sử dụng các thuốc BVTV sinh học trong thời gian tới, các cơ quan quản lý Nhà nướccần ban hành các cơ chế/chính sách hỗ trợ nông dân như hỗ trợ tập huấn, trợ giá thuốc,tăng cường hướng dẫn lựa chọn và sử dụng các loại thuốc sinh học. Đồng thời, cần có cơchế giám sát, cấp chứng chỉ rau an toàn cũng như nâng cao nhận thức của người tiêu dùngmới có thể nâng giá bán rau an toàn. Từ đó, khuyến khích nông dân ứng dụng thuốc BVTVsinh học trong sản xuất rauThe study investigating 90 representative farmers involving in growing vegetables inHoang Hop and Hoang Trinh communes at Hoang Hoa district indicated that over 85% offarmers have ever known and using biological pesticides, including up to 90% of householdsused biological pesticides at the end of the crop. However, in terms of quantity, only 33.33%(16/48 products), especially in terms of volume only 8.17% of pesticides of biological originwere used in vegetable production in Hoang Hoa district. The cause of this problem was dueto the high cost, low effectiveness of the biological pesticides, slow effect, low câpbility tosuppress the epidemic, limited awareness of a part of farmers, and no unified recommendationbetween the management agencies and the supplỉe. Therefore, in order to encourage vegetableproducers to increase the use of biological pesticides in the next time, state managementagencies need to issue mechanisms to support farmers such as training, subsidizing biologicalpesticides price, strengthening guidance on the selection and use of biological pesticides,besides, it is also necessary to have a mechanism to monitor and certify safe vegetables aswell as to raise consumer awareness to increase the selling price of safe vegetables, toencourage farmers to apply biological pesticides to produce vegetables.

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