NGHIÊN CỨU MỐI LIÊN QUAN GIỮA KHẢ NĂNG TIẾT NỌC CỦA MỘT SỐ DÒNG ONG APIS MELLIFERA Ở VIỆT NAM VÀ ĐA HÌNH TRÌNH TỰ AXIT AMIN TRÊN VÙNG EXON2 CỦA GEN DEF1

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Tác giả: Quang Trung Lê, Chi Mai Nguyễn, Quang Hưng Nguyễn, Tường Vân Nguyễn, Đức Hoàn Phùng, Mỹ Linh Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.46-52

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 339732

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Khả năng tiết nọc của ong Apis mellifera để tấn công kẻ thù và bảo vệ tổ phụ thuộc vào mức độ biểu hiện của một số gen như def1, sting... Để thu được nhiều nọc ong, việc xác định dòng ong cho năng suất nọc cao đóng vai trò tiên quyết. Trong nghiên cứu này, sự liên quan giữa khả năng tiết nọc với đa hình trình tự axit amin vùng mã hóa 2 trên gen def1 được thực hiện trên nhóm L-LxC gồm dòng A. m. ligustica (L) và dòng lai giữa chúa L với đực A. m. carnica (LxC) và nhóm C-CxL gồm dòng A. m. carnica (C) và dòng lai giữa chúa C với đực L (CxL). Năng suất nọc trung bình của L-LxC (22,50 - 23,05 mg/đàn) cao hơn C-CxL (18,58 - 18,83 mg/đàn) với p<
0,05. Lượng nọc giữa 2 dòng của từng nhóm không sai khác đáng kể (p>
0,05), cho thấy khả năng tiết nọc của đàn ong di truyền theo dòng mẹ. Khoảng cách tin cậy về chủng loại (giá trị bootstrap 93%) với bốn điểm đột biến đặc trưng tại các vị trí 10, 16, 53 và 54 trên vùng Exon2 thuộc gen def1 của 2 nhóm ong phản ánh cơ sở phân tử về khả năng tiết nọc cao hơn của nhóm ong L-LxC so với nhóm ong C-CxL. Các điểm đột biến này có thể sử dụng như các chỉ thị phân tử để chọn dòng ong A. mellifera cho năng suất nọc ong cao.Venom of Apis mellifera is liberated by the worker bees to attack enemies and protect their colonies. Amount of venom liberated from imported bees depends on expression level of such genes as def1, sting... Beekeepers could collect dry venom with electric apparatus for treatment of some serious diseases. To get high yield of venom, bee races with high productivity of venom are prerequisite. In this research, relationship between ability of liberating venom of workers and polymorphism of amino acids within Exon2 fragments of their def1 gene were investigated on 12 colonies of 2 honeybee groups with 4 races (3 hive/race). Group L-LxC included 2 races of an A. m. ligustica (L) and a hybrid between queens of L and drones of A. m. carnica (LxC), while group C-CxL were of an A. m. carnica (C) and a hybrid between queens of C and drones of L (CxL). On average, venom productivity of group L-LxC (22.50 - 23.05 mg/hive) was higher than that of C-CxL (18.58 - 18.83 mg/hive) with p<
0.05. No significant difference in venom amount between 2 races of each group indicated maternal inheritance of liberating-venom ability of A. mellifera workers. Bootstrap confidence interval (93%) with 4 specific point mutations (10, 16, 53 and 54) along 60 amino acids of Exon2 on def1 gene interpreted molecular basis on higher liberating-venom ability of group L-LxC than group C-CxL. Point mutations between the 2 groups found in this research could be employed as molecular markers for selection of A. mellifera races with high venom productivity.

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