ĐẶC ĐIỂM HÌNH THÁI, THÀNH PHẦN HỢP CHẤT VÀ CÁCH SỬ DỤNG CÂY CHÀM MÈO (Strobilanthes cuisine (Nees) Kunte) THU HÁI TẠI TỈNH BẮC KẠN

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Tác giả: Thị Giang Lê, Thị Thúy Hằng Phó

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.129-136

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 339743

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"Chàm mèo" trees which belong to the Acanthaceae family have the scientific name Strobilanthes cuisine (Nees) Kunte. Parts used for medicine are the leaves, stems, and roots. According to traditional Chinese medicine, the “Chàm mèo” tree has a bitter taste, and cold properties, which can help to clear the heat, detoxify, eliminate rash, and swelling, and stop bleeding. “Chàm mèo” is used to treat acute diseases such as high fever, headache, thirst, rash, nosebleeds, dysentery, pharyngitis, bacteremia, tonsillitis, and respiratory infections. Invetigations showed that Thanh Dai (Cham meo leaf powder) has a good effect on the treatment of leukemia. “Chàm mèo” roots are also used to treat infectious encephalitis, encephalitis B, typhoid, and mumps. However, there are few published studies on Strobilanthes cuisine (Nees) Kuntze. Besides, the percentage of people who recognize and know how to use “Chàm mèo” for treatment is still low. This report describes the morphological characteristics of parts in detail: roots, leaves, stems, and flowers of “chàm mèo” trees collected in Bac Kan province. “Chàm mèo” leaves contain groups of compounds: glycosides, sterols, hydrolyzed triterpenoids, alkaloids, flavonoids, organic acids, reducing agents, coumarins, and saponins. At the same time, several useful methods of preparing and using the “Chàm mèo” tree as medicine for ethnic minorities in Bac Kan province have been identified.Cây Chàm mèo có tên khoa học là Strobilanthes cuisine (Nees) Kunte, thuộc họ Ôrô (Acanthaceae). Toàn thân của cây (lá, thân, rễ) đều được dùng làm thuốc. Trong y học cổ truyền, Chàm mèo có tính hàn, vị đắng nhạt, có tác dụng giải nhiệt, thải độc, chống viêm và cầm máu. Chàm mèo được dùng chữa các bệnh cấp tính như: viêm họng, sốt, ban đỏ, nhiễm khuẩn huyết, viêm hô hấp cấp tính... Ngoài ra, những nghiên cứu gần đây đã chỉ ra rằng, bột Thanh đại (bột lá Chàm mèo) có tác dụng hỗ trợ tốt điều trị ung thư bạch cầu. Rễ chàm mèo (bản lam căn) còn dùng chữa viêm não truyền nhiễm, viêm não B, thương hàn, quai bị. Tuy nhiên, có rất ít nghiên cứu được công bố về loài Strobilanthes cuisine (Nees) Kuntze. Mặt khác, tỷ lệ người dân nhận diện được và biết cách sử dụng cây Chàm mèo để chữa bệnh vẫn rất ít. Do đó, nghiên cứu này được tiến hành nhằm góp phần cung cấp dữ liệu phục vụ cho việc nhận diện loài khi thu thập mẫu, định danh loài, kiểm nghiệm và chế biến dược liệu…. Nghiên cứu đã mô tả chi tiết đặc điểm hình thái các bộ phận: rễ, lá, thân, hoa, quả của cây Chàm mèo được thu thập tại tỉnh Bắc Kạn. Trong lá Chàm mèo có chứa các nhóm hợp chất: glycoside, sterol, triterpenoid thủy phân, alkaloid, flavonoid, acid hữu cơ, chất khử, coumarin và saponin. Đồng thời, nghiên cứu đã thu thập được các cách chế biến và sử dụng Chàm mèo làm thuốc chữa bệnh của người dân bản địa tại tỉnh Bắc Kạn.

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