SỬ DỤNG ẤU TRÙNG RUỒI LÍNH ĐEN (Hermetia illucens) XỬ LÝ CHẤT THẢI HỮU CƠ THÀNH PHÂN BÓN CHO CÂY TRỒNG

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Tác giả: Thanh Tâm Hoàng, Văn Kiên Hoàng, Thị Thúy Vân Lương, Thị Hồng Tú Phạm

Ngôn ngữ: vie

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Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Khoa học và Công nghệ - Đại học Thái Nguyên, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.301-308

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 340125

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Với mục tiêu biến rác thải thành sản phẩm có ích, đồng thời giảm thiểu ô nhiễm môi trường, việc sử dụng ấu trùng Ruồi lính đen (Hermetia illucens) xử lý chất thải hữu cơ thành phân bón được thực hiện tại huyện Sơn Dương, tỉnh Tuyên Quang là giải pháp hoàn toàn khả thi. Thí nghiệm được bố trí với 5 công thức tương ứng với 5 loại chất thải hữu cơ cần xử lý
với các điều kiện vận hành tối ưu về mật độ ấu trùng, tỷ lệ cho ăn, chế độ cho ăn, môi trường thuận lợi cho sinh trưởng, phát triển của Ruồi lính đen. Khối lượng và chất lượng sản phẩm thu được tùy thuộc vào loại chất thải được xử lý. Ấu trùng nuôi nhờ chất thải là rau, củ, quả và bã đậu có khối lượng lớn hơn, có hàm lượng protein, lipid, canxi và giàu năng lượng hơn ấu trùng ăn bã sắn và phân trâu, bò, gà, vịt. Ngược lại, khối lượng phân hữu cơ thu được do ăn phân trâu, bò, gà vịt nhiều hơn các nguyên liệu còn lại. Trên nền chất thải bã sắn, ấu trùng có khối lượng nhỏ nhất và nghèo dinh dưỡng nhất. Phân hữu cơ ép viên từ Ruồi lính đen có chứa đầy đủ các thành phần dinh dưỡng thiết yếu cho cây trồng như N, mùn, P2O5 và K2O. Tuy nhiên, để đảm bảo quy chuẩn Việt Nam về chất lượng phân bón hữu cơ cho cây trồng, nguyên liệu sau khi xử lý từ rau, củ, quả, bã đậu, bã sắn cần được bổ sung dinh dưỡng hợp lý.With the aim of turning waste into useful products and minimizing environmental pollution, using Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae to treat organic waste into fertilizer carried out in Son Duong district, Tuyen Quang province is a feasible solution. The experiment was arranged with five formulas corresponding to five types of untreated organic waste. The volume and quality of the obtained product depend on the type of waste being treated. Larvae reared on vegetable, tuber, fruit and bean residues have a larger mass, protein, lipid, calcium and energy content than larvae fed with cassava residue and dung of buffaloes, cows, chickens and ducks. In contrast, the volume of organic fertilizer obtained from eating manure of buffaloes, cows and chickens was higher than the remaining materials. On the background of cassava residue, larvae have the smallest weight and are the poorest in nutrients. Organic fertilizer pellets from Black Soldier Flies contain all the essential nutrients for plants such as N, humus, P2O5 and K2O. However, in order to ensure Vietnam's standards on the quality of organic fertilizers for plants, raw materials after treatment from vegetables, tubers, fruits, bean residues, and cassava residues need to be properly supplemented with nutrients.

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