Đánh giá sự phù hợp về thể chế (Institutional fit) giữa các điều ước quốc tế về tài nguyên nước vùng đồng bằng sông Cửu Long với Luật Tài nguyên nước

0 Người đánh giá. Xếp hạng trung bình 0

Tác giả: Thị Hường Lê, Văn Quy Lê, Thị Phương Thảo Lương, Anh Đức Nguyễn, Thị Diệu Hằng Trần

Ngôn ngữ: vie

Ký hiệu phân loại:

Thông tin xuất bản: Tạp chí Môi trường, 2023

Mô tả vật lý: tr.45757

Bộ sưu tập: Metadata

ID: 340615

Thêm vào giỏ Liên kết toàn văn

Biến đổi khí hậu làm cạn kiện, suy thoái nguồn nước ở nhiều nơi trên thế giới, cùng với đó là sự gia tăng mâu thuẫn trong sử dụng, quản lý nguồn tài nguyên nước (TNN) tại các lưu vực sông (LVS) liên quốc gia. Trong khi đó, sự đồng thuận, khung pháp lý cũng như cơ chế phối hợp thực hiện các thỏa thuận quốc tế liên quan đến nguồn nước liên quốc gia còn chưa đầy đủ và thống nhất. Ở một số LVS liên quốc gia, các hiệp định, thỏa thuận về chia sẻ, sử dụng, bảo vệ nguồn nước chưa được một số nước thành viên tham gia. Mặt khác, một số hiệp định, thỏa thuận mới chỉ dừng lại về một vài khía cạnh của TNN mà chưa đề cập đến khía cạnh sử dụng, chia sẻ lợi ích khác. TNN của Việt Nam phụ thuộc phần lớn vào những quốc gia ở thượng lưu và việc khai thác, sử dụng nước ở thượng lưu thuộc các nước láng giềng có ảnh hưởng rất lớn đến nguồn nước của Việt Nam. Do đó, giải quyết các vấn đề nguồn nước quốc tế có ý nghĩa quan trọng trong việc bảo đảm an ninh nguồn nước quốc gia. Các quy định của Điều ước là cơ sở pháp lý quan trọng để các quốc gia có chung nguồn nước thương lượng, giải quyết những vấn đề phát sinh trong việc khai thác, sử dụng, bảo vệ nguồn nước. Bài báo này thực hiện đánh giá sự phù hợp về thể chế (institutional fit) giữa các điều ước quốc tế về TNN vùng ĐBSCL với Luật TNN (sửa đổi) sẽ được Quốc hội cho ý kiến tại kỳ họp thứ 5 và dự kiến thông qua vào kỳ họp 6 năm 2023, nhằm đánh giá kết quả đã đạt được, cùng với đó là khoảng trống về chính sách trong giải quyết các thách thức về TNN liên quốc gia ở vùng ĐBSCL, từ đó nêu lên tồn tại, hạn chế cần khắc phục trong vấn đề hợp tác quốc tế về TNN liên quốc gia.Climate change has led to an increase in droughts and the depletion of water resources in many parts of the world, along with an increase in conflicts over the use and management of water resources in transboundary river basins. However, the consensus, legal framework and coordination mechanism for the implementation of international agreements related to transboundary water resources are still incomplete and inconsistent. In some transboundary river basins, treaties and agreements on sharing, using and protecting water resources have not yet been joined by some member countries
In addition, some treaties and agreements only cover a few aspects of water resources without mentioning other aspects of use and benefit sharing. Vietnam's water resources dependent largely on upstream countries
the exploitation and use of water in upstream countries have the significant impacts on Vietnam's water sources. Therefore, solving international water resources issues are the great importance in ensuring national water security. The provisions of the treaties are an important legal basis for countries sharing water resources to negotiate and resolve issues arising from the exploitation, use, and protection of water resources. This article evaluates the institutional fit between the Treaties on water resources in the Vietnamese Mekong delta and the Vietnam’s Law on Natural Resources (amended) which will be voted on by the National Assembly at 5th session and is expected to be adopted at the 6th session in 2023 to assess the policy gaps in addressing the transboundary water challenges in the Vietnamese Mekong delta and evaluates the achieved results and proposes shortcomings that need to be overcome in the international cooperation on transboundary water resources.

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